Cultivation of imitation wild Gastrodia elata

Imitation wild cultivation of Gastrodia elata, that is, artificial cultivation imitating the field growth environment of Gastrodia elata, can not only maintain the quality of wild Gastrodia elata, but also increase its yield.

I. selection of seed hemp

The collected stems of Gastrodia elata were used as seed hemp, or the young hemp bred by sexual propagation technique was used as seed hemp. It is required that the seed hemp has a yellow appearance, no scars, no black spots, conical shape and uniform size. Degraded Gastrodia elata, which has been planted for many years, can not be used as seed.

II. Selection and cultivation of bacterial materials

The fungus material should choose the hardwood with moderate thickness (diameter class 5mur8 cm), the fungal cord is well developed, the outer skin is not loose and shelled, the subcutaneous hyphae is dense, and there is no miscellaneous bacterial infection.

Can also breed their own fungus materials, conditions can also buy Armillaria mellea for breeding. Wild Armillaria mellea can also be collected or used in the production of Gastrodia elata for propagation, but this method is easy to bring into the contaminated materials of miscellaneous bacteria, which should be strictly selected during culture.

The specific method is to dig a trough with a width of 1.0 meters and a depth of 50 meters and 70 centimeters and unlimited length away from the pollution source. After a week of sunbathing, lay flat in the trough and fill the gap with river sand. Every two layers of wood sticks evenly put bacteria or fungal cords, fungus materials, and then put 6Mel 8 layers to the ground plane. Cover 20 cm of soil with enough water, then cover with leaves or straw. It is necessary to replenish water in time when the weather is dry. The training time will be completed in early July at the latest.

III. Site selection

Gastrodia elata should be cultivated on shady, semi-shady and semi-sunny slopes from 5 °to 15 °. The mountain area should have a certain forest cover, and the canopy density should be more than 70%. The soil should be sandy loam and humus, and heavy clay should be avoided. Garden fields should not apply too much manure, the soil should have good permeability, no stagnant water, and should be shaded by tall stalk crops.

4. Cultivation methods

Gastrodia elata can be planted when the ground temperature reaches 10 ℃ in early spring, which usually begins in the middle and late April. Shunshan dug grooves with a depth of 25m / 30cm, a width of 1.0m and a length of less than 10m. You can also dig grooves with a depth of 25m / 30cm and a width of 1.0m each. The method of alternating placement of fungus and new material is used, that is, one fungus and one new wood are placed in the flat pool, and then the soil is backfilled until the fungus seems to be exposed, and then the seed hemp is placed along both sides of the fungus, with a plant distance of 8mur10 cm, covering soil of 20m and 30cm, and covered with litter or litter to control temperature and moisturize.

V. Management

In normal years, there is no need for special management; irrigation and cooling should be carried out in dry and hot years; in flood years, deep operation roads should be dug to raise the pool bed to prevent Gastrodia elata from rotting in the state of long-term stagnant water. The optimum soil water content for the growth of Gastrodia elata is 55% 65%, the suitable temperature is 14 ℃-25 ℃, and the optimum temperature is 20 ℃.

VI. Harvest, processing and storage

In early November, Gastrodia elata stopped growing and began to dig and harvest when the ground temperature was lower than 10 ℃. Farmers who master the technology of sexual reproduction can choose a large and high-quality arrow hemp for sexual reproduction next year, and the surplus arrow hemp and larger white hemp can be sold as a commodity. Those below medium and white hemp are reserved as seed hemp.

The selected commodity hemp needs to be processed. Wash the hemp first, steam it for 15 minutes when the water boils (the time varies according to the size of the hemp), and then dry. The drying temperature in the early stage is 60 ℃-70 ℃, maintained for 4 hours, and then reduced to 50 ℃. Pay attention to ventilation and moisture drainage until dry.

To store the flax in an uninhabited empty house, build a bed with bricks in the house, and put a layer of flax and a layer of river sand in the pond, so that the flax does not touch each other. Sand requires no pollution, humidity less than 20%, temperature controlled at 0 ℃-5 ℃.