Indoor high-yield cultivation methods of Gastrodia elata bonsai

Gastrodia elata is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine with sweet taste and smooth nature. it has the effect of calming the liver and calming the wind, lowering blood pressure and calming the nerve. it mainly treats dizziness, numbness of limbs, hypertension, epilepsy and other diseases. Wang Jian, secretary of the Party Branch of Da Village, Huangwan Township, Emeishan City, Sichuan Province, successfully used Emei Mountain's rich wild Gastrodia elata and Armillaria mellea to cultivate Gastrodia elata bonsai.

First, growth conditions. Gastrodia elata relies on Armillaria mellea to absorb nutrients from wood and rotten leaves for its growth, development and expansion. The stem has no roots, no leaves, and no photosynthesis. Under the suitable conditions of Armillaria mellea and suitable temperature and humidity, the tuber can grow to 200 kg 300 g, and the yield is 5 kg ~ 6 kg per square meter. Bonsai blossoms from April to May and seeds mature from June to July. Armillaria mellea is generally cultivated from July to October and Gastrodia elata is cultivated and harvested from November to February of the following year.

Second, cultivate Armillaria mellea

1. Fungus material selection: all the branches and leaves of grease-free broad-leaved trees can be selected, and the hardened mixed trees Cyclobalanopsis glauca, white chestnut, Chinese chestnut and hazelnut are the best. Select tree stem branches, 5 cm in diameter, large diameter wood split, sawed into 40 cm 60 cm long nodes. Use a knife to cut salty fish scales around the oblique mouth, mouth depth of about 1 cm, mouth distance of 6 cm, after exposure to disinfection for 4 hours and 6 hours later.

two。 Stick cultivation: from July to October, rectangular wooden boxes, bamboo baskets and plastic boxes are selected. The inner space is 60 cm long, 40 cm wide and 40 cm high. There are 3 or 5 water seepage holes at the bottom of the box. The inner wall of the box was sprayed with 1 ∶ 10 fresh lime water disinfectant. The dead leaves are disinfected with lime water and placed at the bottom of the box, about 1 cm thick. The leaves are covered with uncontaminated sandy or humus soil, 6cm to 10cm thick. New sticks are placed in parallel on the soil, with a distance of 2 cm to 3 cm. Place the cultivated Armillaria mellea rod in the gap, or place the cultivated Armillaria mellea hyphae on the scale mouth of the new rod. Then put a layer of withered leaves, put sandy soil or humus soil on the leaf surface, 8-10 cm thick, spray potato nutrient solution on the soil, it is appropriate to be wet through. Potato nutrient solution configuration: cooked by 1 kg of potato, pressed into starch, 10 kg of water, 5 tablets of vitamin B1 and B2, stirred. According to the above method, place 2-3 layers, the top soil thickness of 15 cm, the soil surface covered with a layer of dead leaves, and then covered with plastic film.

3. Cultivation of Gastrodia elata

1. Selection of hemp species: cultivate commercial Gastrodia elata and choose uniform white-headed hemp. The hemp block is 5 to 8 cm long, the bud tip is intact and shiny, without damage and black spots, and the individual with sexual reproduction is the best. Cultivate bonsai Gastrodia elata, choose the bud tip ruddy and disease-free arrow, the best single weight is 150 to 200 grams.

two。 Cultivation methods: from November to February of the following year. Prepare dead tree leaves, soak them in lime water and disinfect them for use. Take out the stick that has been covered with honeycomb mycelium in the incubator (the bottom layer is not taken out), and put the selected white hemp near the rod in the distance between the rods; the distance between the flax seed and the hyphae is 6cm to 10cm. Then put a layer of dead leaves, the leaves on the original box out of the soil, 10 cm thick, the soil is sprayed with potato nutrient solution. The method of planting the second layer is the same as the first layer. If bonsai and Gastrodia elata seeds are planted in the second layer, use arrow seed blocks and put the bacterial sticks on the first layer of soil. The method is the same as that of white-headed hemp. The top layer of soil is 15 cm thick and tightly covered with plastic film. Put it in a clean and ventilated room, you can use bamboo and wood to set up a frame and place 2-3 floors in three dimensions.

IV. Post-planting management

1. Temperature: the most suitable temperature for Gastrodia elata growth is 18-25%. In winter, close the doors and windows of the hemp breeding room, cover the hemp box with a film to keep warm, and hang a 60-watt light bulb in a room to warm up. In summer and autumn, when the temperature exceeds 25%, open the doors and windows, spray water around, and turn on an electric fan if necessary to cool down.

two。 Humidity: the growth process of Gastrodia elata needs to be kept moist by spraying water, and the soil water content is kept at 50%-65%, that is, it is appropriate to pinch it into a ball with your hands, and it is appropriate to spread your hands loose.

3. Disease and pest control: tuber rot, the pathogen mainly comes from hemp seed tubers and bacterial sticks. As long as the optimization of hemp species is done, the strict disinfection of bacterial sticks, hemp boxes and sites can be avoided. The pest is mainly caused by termites. You can use mirex to kill, or you can use 2.5% trichlorfon powder and mix it with meat residue to trap and kill. Rats are mainly burrowed to steal Gastrodia elata, and comprehensive prevention and control can be used, such as cat scratching, device catching, drug killing and so on.