Growth environment of Gastrodia elata

Gastrodia elata likes a cool and humid environment, cold-resistant and afraid of high temperature. Gastrodia elata has no roots, no absorption of chlorophyll and production of nutrients, which must be provided by Armillaria mellea. Armillaria mellea is a facultative fungus, often parasitic or saprophytic in the roots and tissues of old trees. It began to grow at 6: 8 ℃, the soil moisture was 60% Mel 80%, and the temperature was 20 ℃. The optimum temperature for growth was 20: 26 ℃, the growth was slow above 28 ℃, and stopped growing above 32 ℃. Gastrodia elata and Armillaria mellea are nutritional symbiosis. The mycelium of Armillaria mellea invades the epidermis of Gastrodia elata tuber, the top of the mycelium is broken, the hyphae invade the cortical parenchyma cells, the epidermis cells are decomposed and absorbed, and the hyphae continue to extend inward, then the hyphae are decomposed and absorbed by the digestive layer cells of Gastrodia elata for the growth of Gastrodia elata.

The growth of Gastrodia elata was the most suitable at 20-25 ℃, and the growth was inhibited above 30 ℃. When the ground temperature at 15 cm in spring reached more than 10 ℃, the bud of Gastrodia elata began to sprout and seed hemp began to propagate. It grows rapidly from June to July, slows down in September, and enters dormancy when the ground temperature drops below 10 ℃ in late October. It takes 4 to 5 years from seed to flowering.

Gastrodia elata seeds have no endosperm, the embryo is not differentiated, and can not provide a source of nutrition for germination itself. under natural conditions, seed germination requires the participation of fungi in addition to the conditions needed by ordinary green plants. Under natural conditions, seeds germinate at 10-20 ℃ in early May, but the germination rate is very low, generally 1%-10%. If the newly harvested seeds are stored in low temperature (5 ℃) dry and closed storage conditions for 180 days, the germination rate can still be maintained at 50%.