Pleurotus ostreatus

In recent years, a serious new disease occurred in the production of Pleurotus ostreatus, most of which occurred after the first harvest, and a few occurred after the second or third crop. At the beginning of the disease, a small number of white dots grow on the surface of Pleurotus ostreatus culture materials, showing tumor shape, much like undifferentiated Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting body primordia, gradually grow into one piece, and later become brown, the disease is highly contagious, and once it occurs, it is no longer normal to produce mushrooms. Aquaculture personnel call this disease "white pimple disease".

According to relevant data, this disease has occurred on Lentinus edodes logs in Japan, called "big button mushroom". The mycelium is white, dull and whisker-shaped, which is observed with the naked eye like the hyphae of Pleurotus ostreatus, and there is an unpleasant smell during reproduction. It is a kind of parasitic bacteria, with Pleurotus ostreatus hyphae as the source of nutrition, its mode of infection is to secrete an enzyme, destroy the cell wall of the mycelium and absorb nutrients in the mycelium, resulting in the death of Pleurotus ostreatus hyphae. Once the disease occurs, there is no radical cure, but as long as we pay attention to prevention, the disease can be effectively prevented. Through practical experience, our institute has summed up the following prevention and control methods for the broad masses of aquaculture personnel for reference:

The main results are as follows: 1. Change varieties and enhance disease resistance. Practice has proved that repeated cultivation of the same variety in the same area has a high incidence, and it is best to change new varieties once a year, especially to select varieties with strong disease resistance, which has laid a solid foundation for a good harvest.

2. Discharge correctly to prevent burning bacteria. In recent years, most of Pleurotus ostreatus are covered with three-dimensional wall soil, which is easy to manage, high yield and convenient to replenish water, but the disadvantage is that it is not easy to dissipate temperature and burn bacteria, and the disease is easy to occur because there are germs in the soil. It is best to take the method of not covering the soil, discharge in a single line, and produce mushrooms at both ends. The layers should be separated by small bamboo poles or sorghum stalks, and a certain gap should be left between the bags to help cool down. As long as the single discharge is replenished in time, high yield can be obtained by strengthening management. If you take covering soil to produce mushrooms, we should also pay attention to the following: ① strictly sterilizes the soil and fumigates the soil with formaldehyde; ② should cover wet soil, not covered with mud, because the synthetic mud is easy to harden, the permeability is poor, it is not easy to meet the oxygen needed for the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, and the waste gas is not easy to be discharged in time; the water in the ③ tank should be properly replenished, and the water content in the culture medium is too much, resulting in anoxia, weak hyphae, poor disease resistance and diseases.

3. Comprehensive control and elimination of bacterial sources. During the sterilization period, ① sprayed caustic soda water every 10 days, which can not only effectively sterilize the bacteria, but also remove the acidic substances from the mushroom room, making the mycelium grow sturdy and have strong disease resistance. Before producing mushrooms, ② sprayed 1 ‰ carbendazim on the space and wall of the mushroom room, and sprayed 1 ‰ carbendazim on the surface, space and wall of the mushroom for each harvest. ③ mushroom period, must keep the mushroom clean, timely clean mushroom feet, eliminate hidden dangers; ④ mushroom waste after the timely removal, away from the mushroom room; ⑤ mushroom room timely disinfection and sterilization, can use fire alkali, lime water spray rinse, sulfur kindling fumigation and other methods, if possible, you can also use fire sterilization, for the next cultivation to create good conditions, as long as the measures are reasonable, the disease can be avoided completely.