Pollution-free control of diseases and insect pests of Pleurotus ostreatus

In the process of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation, a variety of miscellaneous bacteria such as green mold, Penicillium, Mucor and Alternaria and many kinds of pests such as mushroom mites, mushroom flies and mushroom mosquitoes will occur, sometimes even resulting in extinction. Pleurotus ostreatus is a fast-growing fresh and tender food, so it is not suitable to use pesticides with long residual period and highly toxic pesticides. The use of pollution-free control technology to control diseases and insect pests is of great significance for the production of safe and healthy edible mushroom products.

1. The utensils and materials used in the cultivation of edible fungi in environmental hygiene can be transferred into the mushroom shed, sterilized and killed with formaldehyde, so as to eliminate harmful bacteria and insect sources.

two。 Handling of raw materials. To reduce the number of diseases and insect pests as raw materials for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus, it is best to carry out pretreatment before use. Can choose sunny weather exposure for 2-3 days, the use of ultraviolet light to kill bacteria and eggs. The culture material can also be fermented, relying on biological heat to kill low-temperature microorganisms and eggs, so that the pathogens and eggs in the culture material can be reduced to the lowest level and the chance of infection can be reduced.

3. Ecological regulation, strong alkali bacteriostatic microorganisms prefer neutral and acidic environment. Different fungi have different tolerance to subtractive environment. The alkaline tolerance of Pleurotus ostreatus is much higher than that of common miscellaneous bacteria, so the method of enhancing the alkalinity of culture material can be adopted to slow down or restrain the growth rate of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium without affecting the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium. Practice has proved that adding 3%-4% quicklime to the culture material can obviously inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, but has almost no effect on the hyphae of Pleurotus ostreatus.

4. Pleurotus ostreatus is an aerobic fungus, but the hyphae have strong tolerance to carbon dioxide. Properly restricting the supply of oxygen has a good effect on the control of miscellaneous bacteria. The bag cultivation should be loose and tight when loading, and the air hole should be hit at the strain, so that there is a higher concentration of carbon dioxide in the material, which can inhibit the reproduction of miscellaneous bacteria in the material and achieve the purpose of controlling miscellaneous bacteria.

5. After harvesting Pleurotus ostreatus, remove the residual roots, shedding culture materials and shrunken young mushrooms in time so as not to breed miscellaneous bacteria. If it is found that there is miscellaneous bacteria pollution on the material surface, you can use a brush dipped in thick lime water to gently remove it, and apply thick lime water to the place with long miscellaneous bacteria to prevent the further spread of miscellaneous bacteria.