Cultivation techniques of Lilium

In the north, cut lilies should be cultivated in greenhouse in winter, spring and autumn, and can be cultivated in open field in summer. The cultivation of cut flower lilies should pay attention to the following links.

1. Land preparation

Turn the soil 30 cm deep, add peat or rotten larch needles 2 Mel 3 cubic meters per mu, ferrous sulfate 3 Mel 5 kg, so that the soil pH is 6 Mel 6.5 slightly acidic. Add expanded chicken manure and other organic manure 500 Mu 1000 kg, plus Fumishuang 1.5 Mu 2.5 kg per mu, or soil bacteria 2000,000ml per mu for disinfection.

2. Make a bed with a height of 20 cm and a width of 80 mi 100 cm, leaving a trail between the two beds of 40 cm. The length depends on the environment.

3. Planting

The planting time should be determined according to the two indicators of the time for flowers and the growth cycle of the variety. Be sure to use a seed that has passed its dormant period. Dormancy period varies with different varieties. Generally, dormancy can be broken after leaf yellow pilling in the environment of 0 ℃-4 ℃, 80ml for 120 days. Seed ball disinfection can be mixed with Duoyinling seed, 1 kg seed ball medicine 5MUE 10g. Or soak the seeds with 2% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for 10 minutes before planting. When planting, first pick the soil layer of about 8 cm on the bed surface to one side, and then use a good size of nailboard or tree root to punch a certain distance. Generally, the spring and autumn density of the medium-sized seed ball is 13x13 cm, the big ball increases by 1 cm, the small ball shrinks by 1 cm, the distance in winter is slightly larger, and it is encrypted in summer. Generally planting about 20,000 balls per mu. After punching the hole, put the seed ball on the hole, and then fill back the soil on the bed to one side and hold it flat.

4. Water management

After planting, drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation is used to irrigate through water, and flood irrigation is prohibited except in summer. In the future, when the bed is dry, it will be watered until it meets the wet soil in the lower layer. Avoid stagnant water to prevent rotting roots, too dry weather can spray water to the leaves, keep the air relative humidity about 70%.

5. Temperature management

It takes 20 ℃ 30 days from planting to seedling emergence, during which the temperature should be lower, about 12 min, to facilitate rooting. The temperature of oriental lily and musk lily increased after emergence, 15 ℃-25 ℃ in daytime and more than 13 ℃ at night. The sub-lily night temperature allows 8 ℃, or even 5 ℃ for a short time. The temperature is not suitable. Baihe should be infected with a variety of diseases. Therefore, winter production should be heated with oil-fired furnaces or small boilers, and sunshade nets or ground cover grass should be pulled to cool down in summer.

6. Lighting management

To cultivate lilies in winter, try to choose sunshine neutral lilies instead of long sunshine lilies, while long sunshine varieties can also be used in spring, summer and autumn. Lily prefers light and is less resistant to shade, and the growth of supplementary light is better in winter. If you do not fill the light, you should open the grass curtain as early as possible and cover it at night to prolong the lighting time. If 30% shading net can be used to cover part of the strong light in summer, it will be beneficial to the height growth and flower enlargement of lilies.

7. Nutrition management

After the upper leaves of the stem were spread out, the seedlings began to top fertilizer, and the seedlings were treated with chemical fertilizer once every 15 days. Diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate were mixed with 5 kg each. When the plant height is 60 cm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaves every 10 days, and the concentration is 2% Mel 3%. If the leaves are yellow as a whole, 0.5% urea is sprayed, if the leaflets are yellow, 0.1% ferrous sulfate is sprayed, and micro-fertilizers such as copper and zinc are added at the same time. Stop topdressing when the bud is 6 cm long.

8. Pull the net

The lily plants are tall, and those more than 1 meter should be netted in the greenhouse for half a year in winter. In order to customize the nylon net with the same row spacing as the cultivated plant, when the plant height is about 60 cm and the inflorescence is not unfolded, cast a wooden or iron pile net around the bed, and with the plant length and height, the net can be raised to the lower part of the inflorescence.

In addition, we should always pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. When there are two flower buds in the lower part of the inflorescence, when the flower color is about to open, the flower branches can be cut and listed on the market.