Conditions and main technical requirements for co-rearing of young silkworms

I. the purpose of co-rearing of young silkworms

As the saying goes, "half of raising young silkworms" fully illustrates the importance of raising young silkworms. The purpose of the co-rearing of young silkworms is to enhance the physique of young silkworms to ensure the safety of large silkworms and to achieve high quality and high yield of cocoons. The advantages of the co-rearing of young silkworms are as follows: (1) it is beneficial to realize the scientific rearing of silkworms, adopt advanced sericulture techniques and facilities, promote the neat development and strong physique of young silkworms, provide a guarantee for the rearing of large silkworms, and lay the foundation for high and stable cocoon production. (2) it is beneficial to disinfection and disease prevention. Overcoming the difficulties of weak resistance to adverse environment and easy infection of bacteria, reducing the loss of silkworms and ensuring the number of silkworm heads, the co-rearing of young silkworms can achieve comprehensive disinfection and strict disease prevention measures, reduce the chance of infection, and effectively control the occurrence of silkworm disease. (3) it is beneficial to improve work efficiency. The co-rearing of young silkworms can save mulberry leaves, labor, fuel and utensils, reduce the production cost of sericulture and improve economic benefits.

II. Conditions of the co-nursery room

1. Establish a special silkworm room for young silkworms. Choose an independent place with clean surrounding environment and fresh air without pollution. The small silkworm co-rearing room needs good heat preservation and moisturizing performance, and special silkworm rooms, silkworm tools and silkworm storage rooms should be set up. Co-rearing rooms and silkworm tools shall not be used for rearing large silkworms at the same time. The surrounding environment must be able to disinfect frequently, enter the gate of the co-breeding area and set up a disinfection pool; the silkworm bunker should not be located in the upwind outside the window of the co-breeding room, so as to prevent the pathogen from being blown back into the silkworm room.

2. There is a special mulberry garden for young silkworms. According to the characteristics of leaves used by young silkworms, the management of water and fertilizer (mainly compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, biological fertilizer) and disinfestation should be strengthened in order to ensure the quality of leaves used by young silkworms.

3. Establish a set of strict management system. Including job responsibilities, disease prevention and health, quality inspection and other management system.

4. Establish a technical guidance group to follow up the service. To be responsible for understanding the growth and development of young silkworms and the occurrence of silkworm disease in silkworm areas after they are distributed to farmers, and to guide farmers to raise and prevent the disease.

5. Select full-time co-education personnel who are skilled and responsible for their work. The staff in the co-rearing room must have a strong sense of responsibility, raise techniques skillfully and carefully, and master the characteristics and prevention measures of common silkworm diseases.

III. The main technical requirements of co-breeding

In order to raise young silkworms well, disinfection and disease prevention is the foundation, excellent variety is the key, and careful breeding is the guarantee.

1. Establish, complete and strictly implement the system of disinfection and disease prevention.

Disinfection and disease prevention must run through the silkworm, silkworm period, the end of the three production links.

(1) disinfection before sericulture

Based on the principle of comprehensive and thorough, seeking practical results, silkworm silkworm equipment in silkworm room (mulberry storage room) carries out "two disinfection, one washing and one fumigation", first disinfection, then cleaning and then disinfection, and finally smoking.

Disinfection: the silkworm can be disinfected by spraying around the room with a bleach solution containing 1% available chlorine or a mixture of 2% formalin and 0.5% lime water. Disinfection should be sprayed on all six sides of the silkworm room, close the doors and windows after spraying, and keep it moist for 30 minutes. It is best to impregnate and disinfect silkworm tools, and it is better to be dipped for 30 minutes. We should pay attention to the occurrence of silkworm disease in the previous season or last year as the focus, carry out targeted disinfection, to achieve step-by-step disinfection, comprehensive and thorough. For example, 2% lime paste is used for viral diseases. Comprehensive disinfection using strong chlorine, poison dissipation, bleach powder, etc., in order to improve the disinfection effect, impregnation disinfection not less than half an hour, spray disinfection moisturizing half an hour, lime slurry to use suspension, bleach clarification solution.

Cleaning: both the silkworm room silkworm tools for comprehensive cleaning, cleaning should be paid attention to: 1, spray disinfectant before cleaning; 2, the quality of cleaning water should be good, it is strictly forbidden to wash silkworm tools in stagnant ditches and ponds; 3, the cleaned garbage and sewage should be far away from the silkworm house.

"one fumigation": the silkworm room utensils and silkworm room air fumigation disinfection was carried out with poison dissipation, and the fumigation disinfection was sealed for more than 24 hours (24 ℃). When the poison dissipates, smoke should be fully emitted.

In short, the main purpose of disinfection and disease prevention before co-breeding is to create a non-toxic or low-toxic environment, and the key to the disinfection of silkworm rooms and silkworm tools is cleaning, washing, disinfection and exposure, especially the new silkworm tools must be fully exposed and dried before entering the room; the silkworm room and silkworm tools after disinfection should prevent the re-pollution of germs; disinfect the outdoor surrounding environment while disinfecting the silkworm room and silkworm seat.

(2) Disinfection and disease prevention during sericulture

The "disinfection and disease prevention" in the co-rearing of young silkworms must carry out the whole process of production, in addition to the disinfection before the silkworm mentioned above, the disinfection during the silkworm period is also the key: first, to do a good job in the cleaning and sanitation of the co-rearing room; second, to strictly disinfect the silkworm room; third, to strengthen the disinfection of silkworm body and silkworm pedestal. During sericulture, the germs and viruses in the silkworm room will gradually accumulate with the introduction of personnel, mulberry leaves and air, so attention must be paid to disinfection and disease prevention:

After entering the silkworm room, wash hands first, change into work clothes, put on a good work cap; do three hand washing: wash hands before entering the co-breeding room, before cutting mulberry, wash hands before cutting mulberry, wash hands after removing sand evenly and expand seats; second, change shoes: change shoes into silkworm room, change shoes into mulberry storage room; first, wash indoor shoes and silkworm room, silkworm room and its entrance with clean water every day, and disinfect them with 1% bleach solution. Clean the floor of the nursery in time after sand removal, and disinfect it with 1% bleach solution once a day. When the humidity is high, the unmelted quicklime can be placed in the four corners of the silkworm room to absorb moisture, the silkworm room is equipped with a disinfection tank, and the sick young silkworms should be put into the tank for disinfection and then poured into the silkworm bunker to prevent the spread of pathogens.

Disinfection of silkworm body and silkworm seat. Disinfectants should consider the safety of silkworms, standardize the use of drugs, and do not abuse drugs, so as to avoid drug damage and waste. Commonly used drugs are: fresh lime, "disease prevention No. 1", anti-stiff powder and so on. Young silkworms should sprinkle "small silkworm disease prevention No. 1" at the beginning of ant collection, and then use "small silkworm disease prevention No. 1" once per instar; use anti-ossification powder once a day when rigidity occurs, and once every two days after recovery from the disease. Sprinkle the medicine on each silkworm's back and abdomen, sprinkle the sand material for 10 minutes after spraying, and then give it to mulberry. It is necessary to strengthen targeted treatment according to climate and silkworm room environment, such as adding fresh lime powder when it is wet, and strengthening anti-rigor treatment and using more anti-rigor powder when mulberry pests are prone to infestation; fresh lime powder must be used once at all ages to stop mulberry; fresh lime powder or "silkworm disease prevention No. 1" or cross-use should be sprinkled once a day in all ages to prevent silkworm disease. Before the end of the distribution of young silkworms, the silkworm pedestal should be disinfected once, that is, sprinkle "small silkworm disease prevention No. 1", and the amount should be too high. Silkworm farmers should immediately use "small silkworm disease prevention No. 1" disinfection; "small silkworm disease prevention No. 1", lime powder and anti-ossification powder must be fresh and now in use to ensure the effectiveness of drugs.

Previous page [1] [2] [3] next page