Cultivation and Management techniques of Kernel Apricot
I. Introduction to Technology
1. Variety selection: Main varieties: Longwang hat, bee swarm, Baiyu flat, Chaoren, Fenghong, Youren, Yuanren, etc. Baiyubian is an excellent variety pollinated with kernel apricot, which has strong cold resistance and high yield. The other three varieties are frost resistant and low temperature resistant.
2. Seedling: kernel apricot seedlings can be divided into two stages: stock seedling cultivation and grafting seedling cultivation.① Rootstock seedling cultivation. Select the field with sufficient light, loose soil and irrigation conditions as the nursery land, and timely prepare the soil and fertilize. 2. Grafting. Grafting of apricot seedlings with kernel is divided into bud grafting and branch grafting.
3. Garden construction: kernel apricot garden construction can be divided into three stages: site selection, soil preparation and transplanting. A choice of gardens. 2. Soil preparation. 3. Planting.
4. Apricot garden management: ① soil, fertilizer and water management. (2) Shaping and pruning.③ Frost prevention and fruit preservation. 4. Pest control.
5. Harvesting, shelling and almond grading of apricot fruit: ① fruit harvesting: the mature period of apricot kernel is relatively concentrated, generally in early July, and the correct harvest time is one of the important factors to obtain yield and quality. It is generally believed that apricot is fully ripe when its pericarp turns yellow and its flesh naturally cracks. At this time, higher yield and quality can be obtained. Harvesting too early or too late affects both yield and quality. 2. Shelling: It is divided into three processes: peeling, sunning and smashing.③ almond grading (picking kernel): when picking kernel, damage should be smashed, and small apricot stones and impurities should be stored separately, and good almonds should not be mixed. General acquisition of almond appearance standards: that year's product, kernel full, skin normal, yellow brown, kernel white, no oil, no odor.
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Pu peach (Shuipu peach)
Pudao (Shuipu peach) is an evergreen tree of the family Magnoliaceae, 612 m high. The bark is smooth, grayish brown, the branch is low, the height under the branch is 1.5 × 3m, and the crown is oblate. Leaves opposite, leathery, lanceolate or long elliptic, long 11~20cm, broadly 3~5cm, apex acuminate, base broadly cuneate, entire, leaf surface shiny, with transparent glandular spots and marginal veins; petiole long 7~10mm. Cymes terminal; flowers white, 3cm in diam.; stamens numerous, ca. 25cm, fragrant. Drupe pulp
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Introduction of several excellent varieties of processed yellow peach
Since China joined the WTO in 2000, the processed yellow peach, which has been neglected for many years, has become hot again in recent years. The market price of yellow peach in 2002 and 2004 is about 3 yuan / jin, and the income of fruit farmers planting one mu of yellow peach is equivalent to 3 mu of ordinary peach, so the cultivated area of yellow peach has expanded rapidly in the whole country. In order to guide fruit growers to select yellow peach varieties, according to the standard that processed yellow peach must have "golden or orange pulp, high hardness, insolute, no red pigment after maturity, resistant to high temperature cooking", there are more than a dozen yellow peaches cultivated locally.
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