K you 619 (Rice)

Basic situation K you 619 is a new early hybrid rice combination developed by South Zhejiang Rice breeding Center of Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences using K17A bred by Rice Sorghum Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and restorer line Wenhui 619 (hybrid progeny of Shizao 2-2shock 02428). In 1997, he participated in the early hybrid joint comparative test of Zhejiang hybrid rice breeding cooperation group, passed the Zhejiang regional test from 1998 to 2000, and participated in the Zhejiang production test in 2000. It has been popularized and applied in a large area in central and southern Zhejiang and northern Fujian.

The average growth period of Kyou 619 was 112.7 days, and the active accumulated temperature was about 2580 ℃, which was similar to that of Shanyou 48-2. The plant height is 80~85cm, the plant type is loose and tight, the number of leaves on the main stem is 12.1-13.3, the leaves are narrow, thick and erect, the light posture is good, the life of the functional leaves is long, and the green stalks are yellow in the later stage. The combination is panicle-grain type with strong tillering ability and high panicle rate, effective panicle is 3.7 million spikes / hm2, panicle type is medium, total grains per panicle is 97.3grains, filled grains is 72.4grains, seed setting rate is 74.41%, 1000-grain weight is high, 27.33g.

Inspected by the Rice and products quality Supervision and Inspection Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, the rate of brown rice is 76.4%, the rate of milled rice is 66.3%, the rate of head rice is 27.1%, the grain length is 6.8m, the ratio of length to width is 2.9, the rate of chalkiness is 79%, the degree of chalkiness is 10.3%, the transparency is grade 3, the alkali elimination value is 15, the gel consistency is 79m, and the content of amylose is 24.8%. Among them, the grain length, alkali elimination value and gel consistency reached the first class standard of high quality rice, and the ratio of length to width and amylose content reached the second grade standard of high quality rice. After 3 years test from 1998 to 2000, the average score was 45.7 points, which was 3.4 points higher than that of Shanyou 48-2. The palatability of rice was good, and eating ignorance was obviously better than that of the control.

K you 619 had strong resistance to rice blast, which was better than that of Shanyou 48-2. From 1998 to 1999, the average leaf blast resistance of K you 619, Shanyou 483, K you 619 and Shanyou 483 were 4.5, 4.8, 4.3 and 6.0 respectively. The loss rate of panicle blast was significantly lower than that of the control. Secondly, K you 619 was more resistant to sheath blight. Although K you 619 was also infected with sheath blight, it occurred later and slighter than Shanyou 483.

The male sterile line K17A of K you 619 had high stigma exposure rate (82.7%, double exposure rate 42.2%, while Zhenshan 97A was 47.1%, double exposure rate was only 12.5%), strong stigma vitality, long flowering time, low glume closure rate, and its outcrossing seed setting rate was significantly higher than that of Zhenshan 97A; restorer line Wenhui 619 had strong tillering ability and sufficient pollen quantity, and seed production was easy to obtain high yield. When the spring season was 4.67 in Suichang county, the average yield was 3.04 t / hm ~ 2, and the average yield of 1.6hm2 continuous seed production in Houcun village of Dazhe town was 4.32t/hm2, and the high-yield field was higher than 4.5t/hm2.

In 1997, the combination participated in the early hybrid combination comparison test of Zhejiang hybrid rice breeding cooperation group, and the average yield 7.45t/hm2 was 11.13% higher than that of Zhejiang 733, ranking first in the tested combination. In the same year, he took part in the Wenzhou Zaoza regional trial, and the average yield of 7.42t/hm2 was 5.27% higher than that of the control Shanyue 48-2, reaching a significant level. In the regional trial of Zhejiang Province in 1998, under the condition of abnormal climate in that year, the average yield of 6.3Ot/hm2 increased by 0.11% and 8.11% over Shanyou 48-2 and Zhejiang 733, respectively, ranking second among the 9 combinations tested. In 1999, he continued to participate in the regional trial in Zhejiang Province, and the average yield of 6.47t/hm2 was 7.47% higher than that of Shanyou 48-2 (extremely significant) and 5.50% higher than that of Zhejiang 733 (extremely significant), ranking second in the tested combination. In 2000, he continued to participate in the regional trial in Zhejiang Province, with an average yield of 6.45t/hm2, which was 6.73% higher than that of the control Shanyou 483 (up to a significant level), ranking second among the 8 combinations tested; in the same year, he participated in the production trial in Zhejiang Province, with an average yield of 6.22t/hm2, 0.7% higher than that of the control Shanyou 483.

In 1998, the trial planting demonstration was expanded to nearly 40hm2 in various parts of Wenzhou, with an average 6.1t/hm2, which increased 2.3%, 6.9% and 9.5% more than Shanyou 48-2, Weiyou 402 and Shanyou Zhe 3, respectively. In 1999, the planting area reached 1060hm2 in Wenzhou, Lishui and Ningde, Fujian. The planting area in Yuanhai area of this city was about 800hm2, with an average 6.08t/hm2, which was 5.9% and 8.26% higher than that of Shanyou 48-2 and Shanyou Zhe 3, respectively. The trial planting of 1300hm2 was expanded in Wenzhou in 2000. According to the statistical results reported by various counties (cities and districts), the yield range was 6.35~8.27t/hm2, which was higher than that of the main local varieties (combinations) and 5.58% and 7.07% higher than that of Shanyou 48-2.

Cultivator Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Southern Zhejiang Rice breeding Center

Key points of regional and technical cultivation: a) cultivate strong seedlings and lay a good foundation. The sowing date can be in late March, the sowing rate is 150~225kg/hm2, the amount of seed used in the field is 22.5g/hm2, and the seedling age is about 30 days. B) reasonable close planting and insertion of fallen seedlings. It is suitable to insert 300000 clumps / hm2 by hand, and about 1.2 million / hm2 for fallen seedlings.

In the field of throwing seedlings, the number of fallen seedlings should be about 1.35 million / hm2, the number of effective panicles should be ensured, and the high yield can be easily obtained. C) Scientific fertilizer and water management and build a high-yield seedling rack. The total amount of nitrogen application was 150~180kg/hm2, combined with P and K fertilizer. The fertilization method grasps the principle of "applying sufficient base fertilizer, applying tiller fertilizer early, and applying spike and grain fertilizer as appropriate". It is required that the base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, early application of quick tillering fertilizer, K fertilizer after rewatering, and spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate before meiosis. Water slurry management advocates thin water irrigation, seedling feet lying in the field, dry and wet in the middle and later stage of filling to prevent the water from being cut off too early in the later stage. D) grasp the situation of diseases and insect pests and control them in time. K you 619 has green leaves, luxuriant growth and easy to attract disease. It is necessary to strengthen the control of insect pests such as stem borer, rice leaf roller and rice planthopper, and pay attention to the integrated control of sheath blight and rice blast.

Technical points of seed production: a) grasp the characteristics of parents and formulate a reasonable sowing time. In the middle and south of Zhejiang Province, the sowing period of early summer male parents is about 75 days, and that of female parents is about 68 days. The reasonable sowing time of parents is 8 days, and the leaf difference is 2 leaves. The male parent was sown in two stages with an interval of 6 to 7 days. The first heading of the female parent is allowed to be 1-2 days earlier than that of the male parent. B) determine the row ratio and insert the fallen seedlings. The ratio of parents to parents was 2: (10: 12). The male parent was planted in large double rows and alternately in two stages, the row spacing was 3Ocm × 17cm, the amount of seed used in the field was 4.5kg/hm2, 45000 clumps / hm2, 2 clumps, 450000 seedlings / hm2. The row spacing of female parent is 13cm × 17cm, the amount of seed used in the field is 3Okg/hm2, 300000 clumps / hm2, 2 × 3 clumps, 2.1 million seedlings / hm2. The distance between parents 15cm. C) strengthen fertilizer and water management and build high-yield seedling racks. In fertilization, we should master the principle of "heavy bottom fertilizer, sufficient organic fertilizer and one-time topdressing". 15.O~22.5t/hm2 rotten fence fertilizer was used as the bottom before ploughing, and carbon plating 300~450kg and calcium superphosphate 225~300kg were used as flour fertilizer per hectare before transplanting. After turning green, urea 225~300kg and potassium chloride 150kg were applied once per hectare as topdressing. Shelve the field in time after enough seedlings and control ineffective tillering. In the later stage, it should be moist and shallow irrigation, dry and wet alternately, nourish roots and protect leaves, and promote grouting to bear fruit. D) take measures to ensure high yield and high quality in seed production. K17A and Wenhui 619 are sensitive to "920", generally using "920" 105~120g/hm2 and adding "920" synergist 1500ml/hm2. Spray to master the principle of "front light, medium weight, after supplement", and timely manual flour drive to improve the outcrossing seed setting rate. Strict isolation, impurity prevention and impurity removal to ensure seed purity. Prevent sun exposure after seed harvest to ensure seed germination rate.