A preliminary study on the culture of Huadu father fish in Liaodong small water surface

Hua du father fish, the local common name is blind lid, blind pimple, blind fat man, big head fish and so on. It is distributed in the upper reaches of the Yalu River and its tributaries, the upper reaches of the Biliu River and the upper reaches of the Hunhe River in Dandong.

Liu Yuanzhi, a farmer in Shalizhai, Fengcheng, boldly contracted the "drought-resistant well" built by the village during the period of "large-scale farmland capital construction" in the first half of 2002. It has been abandoned for many years, and there is little shallow water in the pit, covering an area of 6 mu. According to the economic strength of his family, he invested 4000 yuan that year to excavate and clean up 2 mu of small fish ponds that came out of the water, carried out ecological breeding of Flower du father fish on small water surfaces, and recovered the cost that year. The breeding situation is summarized as follows:

I. Technical measures for aquaculture

1. The ecological habits of Huadu father fish are relatively cold-tolerant benthic negative, mostly living in the upper reaches and tributaries of sand-gravel or pebble valley rivers with low water temperature. It is rare in sand and muddy rivers. Do not cluster, feed on small fish, river shrimp, northeast crayfish, aquatic insects and their larvae. It is an inactive fish, usually lying on the bottom of the river, drilling under the stone and swimming for a short distance by dashing.

two。 The pond condition @ # @ 233 pond is a "drought-resistant well" abandoned for many years, with pebble bottom and solid ridges, with a total area of 6 mu, with a small water surface of 2 mu, with an average storage depth of 1.5m, with a maximum depth of 2.1m. The water source is underground spring water with a water temperature of about 15 ℃, which is very suitable for the growth of Huadu father fish. The water conservation capacity of fish ponds is good, it can not dry in dry days, there is no waterlogging in rainy season, and drainage and irrigation can be allocated freely. Outside the ridge of the pond, there are 4 mu of river beach land, and 2000 locust trees are planted to prevent soil erosion.

3. Water quality requires that Huadu father fish is suitable for culture in lean water ponds, the water quality is alive, soft and cool, the dissolved oxygen is sufficient, and the deep duck egg skin is green. There is no need to excessively enrich the water quality.

The rotten grass and silt must be thoroughly removed from the old pond before the fry is released. According to the specific conditions, some river pebbles should be properly put into the fish ponds, which is beneficial to the growth and development of the father fish. The pool water should be kept at a depth of about 1.5 meters.

4. Fish fry was released and released in mid-April 2003. Fish fry mainly come from natural wild fish species, and 600 fish per mu of water can be stocked. Using the fishing net fishing method, it is easy to injure the fish, and the damaged skin is easy to breed cotton-like water mold hyphae, which then spreads one after another, eventually leading to disease and dead fish. The disease can be treated with a mixture of 5% saline and baking soda (1 ∶ 2) to wash the fish in the pond for 4 minutes and 5 minutes.

2. Daily feeding and management

1. Water quality control in daily production to maintain good water quality, deep duck egg skin green, water transparency of about 25 cm. Insist on patrolling the pond once every morning and evening to salvage the dead grass and rotten leaves in the fish pond in time. The pond should be kept high. It is best to establish a fish culture diary, constantly accumulate experience, and improve the level of scientific fish culture as soon as possible.

two。 The main food is fresh river fish, shrimp and water worms, but not synthetic feed. The purpose is to cultivate the wild fish and keep its meat delicious. After the busy end of spring in May, it is also a period of rapid reproduction, growth and development, so we can use our leisure time to hunt some small fish and water worms in the river to ensure the supply of bait.

3. Protective measures because the bait is mainly in vivo, so the residue of the bait is very little, and the probability of fish infection is greatly reduced. However, it is also necessary to achieve early prevention and treatment of disease, combined with clearing the pond, timely change the old water, inject new water, and properly apply quicklime to sterilize and kill insects in the pond.

Prevent ducks, geese and wild birds from endangering fish ponds. Pay attention to prevent the pond from flooding during the flood season. At the same time, attention should be paid to the changes in the water quality of fish ponds and the activities of fish. If problems are found, targeted measures should be taken to remedy them.

4. Timely fishing every time before the frozen river in eastern Liaoning, is the fat season of Flower du father fish, now the fish price is higher, timely fishing should be carried out. Divide the size, sell the big ones, and leave the small ones as seedlings. Fishing can be combined with clearing ponds, remove weeds and mud, and maintain a water depth of 1.5 to 2 meters to prepare for the safe overwintering of fish ponds.

5. Safe overwintering management of fish ponds in the past, people often adopted the method of making ice holes and stacking firewood and grass on the water surface before freezing to increase oxygen to the overwintering fish ponds. Practice has proved that the effect of increasing oxygen by this method is very little. In addition, playing ice eyes is easy to frighten schools of fish, resulting in fish body injury, stacking firewood and grass is easy to pollute fish ponds. Keeping the water depth is the key to the safety of fish ponds in the winter.

III. Results of culture

After more than 240 days of breeding, the maximum fish weight is 0.5 kg. The yield of fresh finished fish per mu is 53.4kg, and the benefit per mu is 2136 yuan. Apart from the cost of digging fish ponds that year, there is still a slight surplus.

IV. Summary and discussion

1. The natural individual of Huadu father fish is small. It is found that the largest individual of 4 ~ 5 years old is about 0.15 kg, the fry of 2 ~ 3 years old can be increased to 0.25 kg in 7 months, and the largest individual can reach 0.5 kg weight. Artificial culture is faster than natural growth, a large flower du father fish flesh is garlic-shaped, meat taste is good, especially there is a market, up to more than 70 yuan per kilogram.

two。 Fish culture ponds can not choose silt sediment, the process of fish culture should not be excessive fattening fish ponds, feeding synthetic feed, otherwise, the fish body color is black, fleshy, there is no market. If the fish pond is sand and gravel, the river pebbles should be properly put into the pond when building the pond.

3. You can raise carp, grass carp and so on in Huadu father fish pond.