Technical model of comprehensive ecological fishery in North China

Ecological fishery is a kind of culture mode which maintains ecological balance and improves culture benefit by adopting corresponding technology and management measures according to the symbiosis and complementarity principle between fish and other organisms and by using the water and land material circulation system. Ecological fishery can make full use of local resources, recycle wastes, save energy, improve comprehensive ecological benefits and realize sustainable development of fishery.

I. Fish-grass model

Fish-grass combination type is a common@#@233@#@mode, generally every 600 square meters of water surface is equipped with 200~300 square meters of dike or pool feed pond, planting high-yield and high-quality green feed such as rosingrass, sudan grass, hybrid sour mold, alfalfa, etc., providing rich and high-quality green feed for herbivorous fish, saving concentrate, reducing cost and increasing output. In addition, we can also use the ditch around the pond dam to plant aquatic plants such as duckweed, duckweed, etc., which not only purifies the water body, but also provides high-quality palatable fodder for fish.

2. Fish-pig model

Raising fish and@#@227@#@together is an effective ecological fish culture model. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, decomposing and fermenting pig manure can be directly put into a fish pond, and fish can be cultured in fertilizer water; secondly, the pig manure is utilized for planting grass, cultivating@#@254 @#@, and anaerobic fermentation is carried out to produce methane as fuel, and grass, earthworm, biogas slurry and biogas residue are utilized for fish culture, so that the cost of fish culture and pig breeding is reduced, and the benefit is increased. Generally, 5~10 pigs are needed in 667 square meters of water surface. One pig is raised for 4 months, and the feces and urine are 1.5~1.8 tons. The average fish yield is 1kg with 40kg pig manure.

III. Fish-chicken (duck) model

Chicken (duck) feed utilization rate is low, feces contains a lot of nutrients not fully digested can be used by fish. Each chicken (duck) produces 30~50kg dung per year, and can increase fresh fish by 1~ 1.5 kg. At the same time, chickens can also peck at pests in the pool, ducks can also eat dead fish and aquatic insects, turn pond mud to promote the decomposition of organic matter, accelerate the circulation of substances, increase dissolved oxygen in water, and break the thermostratification phenomenon. Fish chicken (duck) combination can play a mutually beneficial role. Generally, 50~100 chickens (ducks) are raised per 667 square meters of water surface.

IV. Fish-mulberry-silkworm model

The combination of fish, mulberry and silkworm is mainly to use ponds to plant mulberry trees and mulberry trees to plant vegetables and grass, mulberry leaves to feed silkworms, silkworm excrement and vegetables and grass to feed fish, pond mud as fertilizer for mulberry trees, vegetables and grass, so as to realize material circulation, achieve mutual benefit of fish, mulberry trees and silkworms and increase production together.

5. Fish-rice model

The combination of fish and rice is to develop the original pure rice field ecosystem into a diversified ecosystem and multi-level material recycling, to give play to the mutualistic symbiosis of rice and fish, and to achieve the goal of increasing both rice and fish.

VI. Fish-livestock-poultry model

In the fish pond side open space to build livestock pen poultry house, the use of poultry manure to feed pigs, livestock, poultry manure fertilizer fish. Fish-pig-chicken combination mode, every 667 square meters of water can raise 3~5 pigs,@#@230@#@50 ~80. In the fish-cow-chicken combination mode,@#@228@#@1 ~2 heads per 667 square meters of water surface, 30~50 chickens and 667~1300 square meters of grass.

VII. Planting-breeding-adding mode

Planting-breeding-adding combination is a multi-level and diversified comprehensive utilization mode, which is an effective material circulation and energy flow mode to match planting, fish farming and processing.

According to local conditions, the development of comprehensive ecological fishery can realize the effective allocation of resources, achieve double harvest of ecological and economic benefits, and promote the virtuous cycle and sustainable development of fishery production.