Key points and points for attention in surgical treatment of gastric perforation in pigs

Gastric perforation in pigs is rare in clinic. The author encountered two cases, one died because of misdiagnosis and ineffective treatment, and was diagnosed as gastric perforation by autopsy after death; the other recovered after surgical treatment. The cases cured by surgery are reported as follows:

1 Clinical symptoms

A breeding Duroc boar raised by@#@227@#@professional household, weighing about 75kg at 6 months old. On March 23, 2004, he suddenly became ill and presented with depression, anorexia, abdominal pain, restlessness, frequent lying on the ground and occasional vomiting. Palpation abdominal pain response, abdominal tension, abdominal pain groans. Shortness of breath, 48 beats/min, rapid heartbeat, 88 beats/min. Body temperature 39℃, distal cold. Because the symptoms were very similar to those of previously misdiagnosed cases, abdominal puncture was performed with trocar, abdominal fluid was extracted for examination, undigested feed residue was found, and gastric perforation was suspected. With the consent of the owner, laparotomy was performed.

2 Preoperative preparation

2.1 Open the mouth with a mouth opener and insert a stomach tube to extract stomach contents.

2.2 Anesthesia was administered intramuscularly with 3mL of Sumianxin, and an injection of diazepam was injected simultaneously.

2.3 Supine restraint. The operative part was selected in the midline of the lower abdomen of the xiphoid cartilage, local shearing, general surgical disinfection treatment.

2.4 An 18cm long longitudinal incision was made at the operative site, followed by skin and muscle incision, peritoneum incision, and abdominal cavity opening.

2.5 Careful examination revealed a perforation about 0.5cm in diameter in the right pyloric gland area, with blackening around the perforation and tissue proliferation and necrosis. Part of the small intestine on the right abdominal wall was red and slightly adhered.

2.6 Use large hemostatic forceps to hold and fix the perforation site, remove the black hyperplastic necrotic tissue around the perforation, and use silk thread to perform continuous suture first, then perform inversion suture.

2.7 Gently peel off part of the adhered small intestine with fingers, and then repeatedly rinse the intestine and abdominal cavity with 0.9% warm sodium chloride solution until it is washed clean, and sprinkle antibiotics in the abdominal cavity.

2.8 Close the abdominal cavity. Suture peritoneum continuously with silk thread, suture muscle and skin with nodes. A drainage was done during closure, abdominal decompression band was placed, and the surgical part was disinfected.

3 Post-operative care

3.1 Single pen rearing. Keep the house clean, dry and quiet, and lay down clean and soft grass.

3.2 Feed fresh and digestible feed, feed only six minutes full, and keep drinking water clean.

3.3 Penicillin 4 million IU, streptomycin 2 million IU, antonidine 20mL im, bid for 5 days.

3.4 The drainage was removed 3 days after operation.

The pig was observed not to eat on the first day after operation, only to drink a small amount of water, and began to eat a small amount in the afternoon of the second day. After that, it gradually improved, and the spirit and appetite returned to normal on the fifth day after operation. After two months of follow-up, she recovered and successfully mated twice.

4 Summary

4.1 The cases of gastric perforation in pigs are rare in clinic and are easy to be confused with intestinal constipation and other diseases to cause misdiagnosis. If this disease is suspected, abdominal puncture is feasible, which will be helpful to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

4.2 The cause of perforation is not clear, but it may be related to long-term feeding with strong irritant feed, coarse feed, overfeeding and action causing sudden increase of abdominal pressure.

4.3 If this disease can be diagnosed early and operated early, it can generally be cured.

4.4 The surgical treatment of common pigs is of little significance, but breeding pigs have higher economic value and therapeutic significance.