Artificial cultivation and processing of Gastrodia elata

Gastrodia elata is an herb that lives on parasites. Its underground tuber is an important medicinal material, which is in great demand in domestic and foreign markets. In recent years, the price of Gastrodia elata has been strong, keeping at 260,300 yuan per kilogram. In the past, asexual reproduction was used to produce Gastrodia elata. Because there are few species of Gastrodia elata, it is easy to degenerate, so the output and quality can not meet the demand, which is very scarce. Since last autumn, the market has been booming, the price has risen, and the market transaction price of Gastrodia elata is 280 yuan per kilogram, which is close to the highest level in history. The reason is the social city, the demand increases sharply, the output drops. When the export situation improves, the artificial sexual reproduction method can be used to produce a large number of products, and the quality is also good. Therefore, the timely cultivation of Gastrodia elata is a good way for farmers in mountainous areas to get rich.

Although Gastrodia elata is a kind of herb, it has no chlorophylls in the whole body and cannot make nourishment itself. It should be parasitic on Armillaria mellea to get nourishment. However, Armillaria mellea is a fungus that also lives at the base of some tree trunks and grows on decomposed initial sap. Therefore, in order to artificially breed Gastrodia elata, it is necessary to coordinate the relationship among the three.

1. The cultivation of Armillaria mellea should be adopted as far as possible.

Wild Armillaria mellea is relatively easy to master. Armillaria mellea generally grows on semi-rotten tree trunks or stumps lying on the edge of a forest or stream, and it can also be collected and inoculated manually in moist soil with more organic matter. The end of the young cord is red, which can be used as a good material for inoculation; the aged fungal cord with dark brown surface can also be inoculated, such as the completely aged fungal cord with pure black surface, which can not be inoculated. As the new silk is grown at the cut of the mycelium, the collected mycelium should be cut into pieces, each segment should not be long, and it is better to take 3mur5mm. In order to ensure the activity of the mycelium, it must be operated in a shaded and clean place, and avoid infecting miscellaneous bacteria. Then the hyphae are cultivated on the tree segment wood, and the tree segment wood should select the tree species suitable for Armillaria mellea reproduction, which should be clear when collecting.

Second, the cultivation of Gastrodia elata seeds can be done by collecting newborn wild Gastrodia elata as seedlings, cultivated in dense ring fungus to blossom, artificial pollination to carry out this kind of artificial sexual reproduction, improve the fruit rate, harvest seeds from July to August, and sow in a small cellar with a width of 60cm, a length of about 100cm and a depth of 2835cm, leaving a ridge between the cellar and the cellar to benefit the tubers of Gastrodia elata to grow around. The optimum temperature for the peak period of reproduction and growth of Gastrodia elata and Armillaria mellea vaccine is 20 ℃, the optimum humidity is about 80%, and the seeds can be sowed at the right time according to the situation.

3. Before sowing the seeds of Gastrodia elata, the soil at the bottom of the pit should be loosened and covered with a layer of humus, and then the lumps of fungus with Armillaria mellea should be placed, and the leaves of some broad-leaved trees can be used to fill the blanks, or all the tree segments that can cultivate the mycelium of the mycelium can be used, then the seeds should be planted on the fungus at a distance of 6-8 cm. It is covered with a layer of leaves, fine whisker roots according to sawdust or vegetation, and finally a layer of soil. The humidity of the cellar should be maintained at 45% 60% for 3 years before it can be harvested. Large Gastrodia elata can be processed into dry commercial Gastrodia elata, and the small Gastrodia elata can be used as a kind of Gastrodia elata to continue to expand production.

4. Gastrodia elata stops growing at 10 ℃ and enters a dormant period. The ground temperature rises to more than 10 ℃ before resuming growth. During this period, the texture of Gastrodia elata is the best, so it is best to dig and process it during this period. When processing Gastrodia elata, rinse the skin with water first, then rub the phosphorus tablets with grain husk and a small amount of Amoy rice water, cut off the stem with stems, add 2 Liang of alum to every 10 jin of fresh Gastrodia elata, and boil it in boiling water for 10 minutes. Or separate the size (to avoid uneven raw and cooked) in steaming, boil or swallow until the hands will be soft, see translucent non-solid when looking at the light, you can take out and flatten it with a plank, put it in the sun during the day, dry it by the fire Kang or coal stove at night, or heat it again, and turn it frequently when baking, when baking until the semi-dry flax is soft, take out the stall to return to the tide and then roast all dry. If the charcoal is fumigated with 78% clay, 20% sulphur and water, the color of Gastrodia elata can be whitened and moth can be prevented.