Varieties and Distribution of Gastrodia elata

Gastrodia belongs to Epidendy01deae, Gastrodieae and Gastrodinae in orchidaceae. So far, more than 30 species of this genus have been found all over the world. Distributed in tropical, subtropical, temperate and cold temperate mountains. It ranges from New Zealand and New Caledonia in the east to Madagascar in the west. It extends from Australia and New Zealand to the north to the northeast of China and the far East of the former Soviet Union. Mainly include China, India, Thailand, Bhutan, Nepal, Sikkim, Japan, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand, Japan's sulfur Ball Islands, Ogasawara Islands, Kalimantan Island, Malaysia's Malay Peninsula, New Caledonia Island, as well as North Korea, the Philippines, the former Soviet Union far East Amur, coastal border areas, dry islands and other areas. This plant has not been found in mainland Philippines, Europe and America.

Six varieties of the genus Gastrodia have been found in China, namely, G.elata, G.sn8usta, G.gracilis, C.javanica and G.tuberculata. According to the literature, there is also a Gflabilabella distributed in Taiwan Province. Among them, Gastrodia elata and Gastrodia elata are mainly distributed in Taiwan Province, wart Gastrodia elata was found in the central part of Yunnan Province, and the original Gastrodia elata was distributed in the high mountains of Lijiang, Shiping and Emei, Sichuan Province. G.elata is mainly distributed in the distribution area of Gastrodia elata in China.

At present, Gastrodia elata (G.elata) is widely cultivated and widely distributed in China, and there are many variations within the species. Gastrodia elata with different flower color, flower stem color, tuber shape and tuber water content can often be seen. According to the above characteristics, Zhou Xuan and others have divided Gastrodia elata into four types, namely, GelataB1.F.elata, G.elataB1f.G1aucaSChow and GelataB1ff1avidaSChow. Red Gastrodia elata and Gastrodia elata are mainly cultivated in production.

Gastrodia elata, also known as Gastrodia elata, is distributed in the provinces, northeast, southwest, Japan, Korea and the far East of the former Soviet Union in the Yangtze River Basin of China. Hanzhong counties in Shaanxi Province, as well as southern Shaanxi, western Henan, northern Sichuan and other places are mainly good health and cultivation of Gastrodia elata, distributed in the mountainous area of 800m above sea level. The flower stem is fleshy red, the flower is light ginger, slightly reddish, the fruit is oval and fleshy red, the tuber is long oval, light yellow, weighs more than 560g, the water content is 78Me 8 jump, generally 4.5g-5.5g can be processed lKg in the commodity, the commercial Gastrodia elata has many knots and many longitudinal wrinkles.

Black Gastrodia elata, also known as Gastrodia elata, Gastrodia elata, the flower stem grayish brown, with obvious white longitudinal stripes. Flowers yellowish green, fruit angled, interval yellowish green and brown stripes, for the upper thick and thin inverted conical. Tuber short columnar, the front end has obvious shoulders, light yellow, the largest can reach more than 1000 grams, water content of 71%, generally 3.5-4.5Kg can process dry Gastrodia elata 1KgP goods Gastrodia elata solid, good appearance quality, few nodes, few wrinkles and not obvious. There is Gastrodia elata growing in Changbai Mountain area of northeast China. In the south, it is mainly distributed in the high mountain areas above 1500 meters above sea level, and it is mainly cultivated in high mountain areas.

In addition to the above two kinds of Gastrodia elata, the distribution area of Gastrodia elata is often mixed with a small number of Gastrodia elata, the flower stem is yellow-green to blue-green, the flower is yellow, the fruit is oval green, the tuber is conical, and the water content is between the red stem and the black stem. General 4-5Kg can dry lKg, seed germination rate and reproduction rate are high, so it is a rare cultivated Gastrodia elata.

China is one of the major countries with wild Gastrodia elata distribution in the world, starting from the mountains of central Yunnan in the south, Shangzhi and Linkou counties in Heilongjiang Province in the north, Lanyu Island in Taiwan Province and Dongning in Heilongjiang Province in the east, and Chuona in Xizang in the west. Wild Gastrodia elata is distributed in some mountainous areas and moist woodlands in the range of 22 ~ 46 degrees north latitude and 91-132 degrees east longitude. Gastrodia elata grows more in the mountainous areas on both sides of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Mainly produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Anhui, Henan, Liaoning, Jilin, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Gansu, Xizang and Taiwan.