Preliminary report on substitute cultivation of Gastrodia elata

Artificial cultivation of Gastrodia elata mainly uses oak, birch, hazel, elm, willow, jujube, locust, wild cherry and other broad-leaved trunks, and the diameter is more than 5cm. For a long time, forest resources have been seriously damaged and are on the verge of exhaustion. Therefore, the research on substitute cultivation technology of Gastrodia elata has gradually become a hot spot. At present, there are precedents for cultivation of Gastrodia elata with corn shaft, shrub seed, bract rice bone, bract rice pulp, branch, straw and so on, but there is no report about the cultivation of Gastrodia elata with cottonseed husk.

1 materials and methods

1.1 the tested material ① was purchased from Gastrodia elata Research Institute of Yang County, Shaanxi Province. ② seed hemp, purchased from the Institute of Edible Fungi in Xixiang County, Shaanxi Province, is the first generation of rice flax. Armillaria mellea culture: mother culture medium is comprehensive PDA slope, conventional high pressure sterilization. 28 ℃ after inoculation for 10 days. The original culture medium was as follows: broad-leaved tree sawdust 3 parts, wheat bran 1 part, apple branch short stick (thick 1~2cm, long 2~3cm, soaked in 0.25% ammonium nitrate for 24 hours). The water content is 70%. Bottling and routine high pressure sterilization. 28 ℃ after inoculation for 30 days and 40 days.

1.2 Test formula A total of 7 treatments are set up in this experiment, as shown in Table 1. Add 1% sugar, 1% gypsum powder and 0.1% special disinfectant respectively. The water content is controlled at 70%.

Table 1 Formula of tested culture medium (%)

Formula cottonseed husk wheat bran apple branch potato

185155

2401540 (short stick *) 5

3301550 (short stick *) 5

4201560 (short stick *) 5

5401540 (long branches *) 5

6301550 (long branches *) 5

7201560 (long branches *) 5

Note: * crude 1~2cm, long 2~3cm, soaked in 0.25% ammonium nitrate for 24 hours. * * crude 1~2cm, the length is standard to be put into the box, soak in 0.25% ammonium nitrate for 24 hours.

1.3 cultivation and management methods Potato tubers are boiled, mashed, diluted with water, sugar, gypsum and disinfectant, dissolved and mixed with cottonseed hull and wheat bran. Stir well and set aside. Planted in an indoor box. The wooden box was surrounded by plastic film, the bottom of the box was covered with 10cm culture medium, a layer of Armillaria mellea was spread, one seed of Gastrodia elata was sown at intervals of 10cm, another layer of substrate was laid, then a layer of bacteria and Gastrodia elata were seeded, and then covered with 10cm substrate, covered with a layer of plastic film. Daily management: spray water frequently, keep it moist, pay attention to ventilation and insect prevention. Keep the indoor temperature below 28 ℃ in hot summer.

1.4 the experimental time is sowing on March 20 and harvesting on November 20.

2 results and analysis

It can be seen from Table 2 that the yield of formula 3, 4 and 6 is higher and closer than that of other treatments, and formula 1 is the worst. The results showed that the content of apple branches in the culture medium played an important role. Only cotton husk may be undernourished, so Gastrodia elata is small and the yield is very low. With the increase of the proportion of apple branches, the yield of Gastrodia elata is very low. But when it is too high, the output falls again. The reason may be that the combination of branches is loose and the hyphae are not easy to expand. The best quantity of apple branches is 50%. The length of apple branches has little effect on the yield, and long branches can be used in production. This can save labor, because the short rod processing is quite time-consuming and laborious.

Table 2 yield of Gastrodia elata in different formulations

Formula 1234567

Hemp seed weight 4.54.54.54.54.54.5

Harvest 19346660315950

Maximum weight 9132823112421

Note: the data in the table are three repeated average weights in g.

3 discussion

From the experimental results, it is feasible to cultivate Gastrodia elata with cotton seed shell and apple branch. ① can alleviate the shortage of wood sticks (fungus), change the situation of random felling, and protect forest resources and ecological environment. ② has opened up a new way for the utilization of leftovers in cotton and fruit industries, turning waste into treasure and increasing farmers' income.

It should be pointed out that there are still many problems to be solved in this technology. For example, the best formula, Armillaria mellea strains and Gastrodia elata varieties suitable for cotton and fruit producing areas (north) need to be further selected, and outdoor cultivation conditions need to be explored. In addition, the cottonseed shell contains a large amount of bacteria, because it can not be aseptic during sowing, so it is easy to be contaminated. We have screened out a special disinfectant for inhibiting miscellaneous bacteria without affecting the growth of Armillaria mellea, which is under further verification.