Common Physiological Diseases of Pleurotus ostreatus and Their Control

First, the mycelium grows excessively. In the production of Pleurotus ostreatus, the mycelium is often dense and agglomerated due to the excessive growth of hyphae, resulting in the phenomenon that the old mycelium skin does not produce mushrooms. The reason is mainly caused by the aging of bacteria or the transfer of aerial hyphae during the transfer of primary bacteria. In production, if the mushroom room is poorly ventilated, the temperature is too high, and the film covering time is too long, it will also cause the mycelium to grow and not produce mushrooms. Control methods: strengthen the management of seed production, increase the ventilation of mushroom room and reduce the temperature of mushroom room during the period of fruiting body differentiation. When the old fungus skin appears in the cultivation, remove the old fungus skin in time, cut through the bacterial mass and bacterial membrane to promote mushroom.

Second, the hyphae degenerated and shrunk. The hyphae yellowed, browned, shrunk and died in the stage of fungus or mushroom emergence. This is due to the uncomfortable ratio of carbon to nitrogen, or high water content, poor ventilation, muggy mushroom room and so on. Prevention and control methods: adjust the C / N ratio of culture materials, reduce the water content of culture materials, sow seeds in time, and avoid the harm of high temperature.

Third, the fruiting body shrunk and died. This is mainly caused by the discomfort of environmental conditions during the mushroom period. If the temperature of the low-temperature variety is more than 23 ℃, the medium-temperature variety is more than 28 ℃, and the air humidity is less than 80%, the fruiting body shrinks and dies due to the rapid evaporation of a large amount of water; too much water is sprayed, resulting in edema of mushrooms, lack of nutrition, starvation and death of mushrooms, and so on. Control methods: according to the cultivation season, select suitable varieties to avoid the high temperature season to produce mushrooms; after the emergence of mushroom buds, increase the humidity of the mushroom shed to 90%, and strengthen ventilation as the fruiting body grows. Try to avoid spraying water directly on the mushroom body.

Fourth, deformed mushrooms. (1) crumpled mushrooms: the lid is small, wrinkled, the stalk is long and hard. It is caused by high temperature and low humidity. (2) Pleurotus ostreatus: only long stalk, not cap. It is caused by poor ventilation and high concentration of carbon dioxide. (3) Pleurotus ostreatus. The stalk is slender and the cap is very small. The reason is that the film is exposed too late and the light is not enough. (4) pimple on the lid: this phenomenon generally occurs in winter, because the indoor fire increases the temperature, the concentration of carbon dioxide accumulation is too high, the cultivation bag is close to the tuyere, and the growth of the cap is out of control caused by cold wind stimulation. Prevention and control methods: the temperature of the mushroom room should be controlled well, and the mushroom emergence period should be controlled at 15: 28 ℃. In case of high temperature, the temperature should be cooled by sprinkling water and ventilation. During the mushroom emergence stage, scattered light of about 200 lux should be given, the air humidity should be kept at about 90%, the appropriate amount of ventilation should be maintained, and the concentration of carbon dioxide should be controlled below 0.1%.