The yield of Pleurotus ostreatus is doubled with the combination of bag cultivation and wall cultivation.
According to the experiment, using soybean straw as raw material, planting Pleurotus ostreatus by bag planting and wall planting can stabilize the biological transformation rate at about 200%, and the highest can reach 300%. The specific methods are as follows:
In the preparation of culture material, fresh, dry and mildew-free bean straw was exposed to the sun for 2 days and crushed by a grinder with a sieve aperture of 1 cm. The formula is: soybean straw powder 78%, wheat straw 10%, soybean cake 5%, gypsum 1%, calcium superphosphate 3.5%, urea 0.5%, corn meal 2%, water 130%. Mix the culture material well, pile up and ferment, turn the pile for 3 times.
Bag inoculation, cool the fermented culture material to less than 30 ℃, put it in a 25cm × 50cm plastic bag, pack two layers of material and spread three layers of bacteria, cover the material surface with bacteria at both ends of the bag mouth, inoculate 15kg bacteria per 100kg dry material, and fasten the bag mouth.
After 10-15 days of sowing, the mycelium has grown vigorously. At this time, 8-10 microholes can be pierced with wood needles to supplement the oxygen needed for mycelium growth and accelerate its growth. After 20-25 days, the mycelium can fill the mycelium bag.
Prepare 65 kg of fertile vegetable garden soil, 20 kg of slag (sifted), 10 kg of sawdust or straw powder, 3 kg of lime, 1.5 kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5 kg of urea. Mix the first three main materials evenly, and then dissolve lime, phosphate and nitrogen fertilizer in water and pour them on the dry material.
7-10 days after the mycelium of the unbagged wall is full, unlock the two ends of the seal, roll the tube film from one end to the other to half, then arrange the two ends of the opening into two rows with an interval of 3-4 cm, fill the bag with nutritious soil to 1-2 cm thick, and then discharge the second layer of double-row bacteria bag. Such a layer of bacteria bag a layer of soil, a total of 6 to 8 layers, the top layer of soil covered with 8 centimeters, and made into a band-shaped trough, planted with garlic to prevent soil consolidation.
The biological transformation rate of Pleurotus ostreatus can be about 100% after spraying water 5-6 days after the management of mushroom production. After the Pleurotus ostreatus was harvested, the nutrient solution was added in the tank combined with irrigation. 1 kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5 kg of urea were added every 100 kg of water.
Remove the mushroom wall after planting mushrooms in the wall border for 4 tides, then peel off the plastic film and place the unmushroom end upright in the sunny border, fill the gap between the bacterial rods with fertile soil, pour wet and permeable rods with water, and wait for them to produce mushrooms again. After plastic film mulching management, mushrooms can also be harvested for 3-4 weeks.
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Main Diseases and Control techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus in North China
1 symptoms of soft rot 1.1 the surface of the culture material or mushroom body is covered with a layer of white woolly fungus, slender but growing fast, and the gradually infected mushroom body spreads light brown morbid from the base of the fungus, and the mushroom body gradually soft rot; about a week after infection, the mushroom body loses automatically or falls down with a gentle touch, just like Chinese cabbage with soft rot, but the soft rot mushroom body has no smell. The growth rate of the mushroom body which is not yet soft rot is very slow, and the bacterial cap is gradually yellowish, lifeless and not bright, which is obviously different from the normal mushroom body; the infected material is no longer infected.
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Rapid growth of Pleurotus ostreatus in bags
The mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus usually takes 25-30 days to fill the bag after inoculation. The longer the inoculation time, the more chances of infection of miscellaneous bacteria, and the longer the production cycle. A simple and rapid method of producing bacteria is introduced below, which can significantly shorten the time of producing bacteria, reduce the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria, speed up the emergence of mushrooms and shorten the production cycle. After the culture material (clinker) is bagged, it is inoculated at both ends. At both ends of the bag, use a sharp rod (2-3 cm in diameter and about 30 cm in length) to drill holes in the center of the bag head, with a depth of more than half of the bag, and then insert an appropriate amount of bacteria into the hole.
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