High quality cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in winter and spring imitating wild

The Pleurotus ostreatus produced by imitating wild cultivation technology can not only taste like wild delicacy, but also achieve high ecological quality and high yield. Even in the cold winter and low temperature in early spring, the high quality Pleurotus ostreatus can be produced by making full use of the ground temperature in the relatively closed shade shed. The yield of this method is more than 60% higher than that of conventional cultivation, more than 40% higher than that of bacterial wall and other cultivation methods, and the biological conversion rate is more than 220%.

1. Mycelium culture. The mycelia were sterilized under high pressure or atmospheric pressure and inoculated according to routine inoculation to culture the mycelia that reached physiological maturity. The mycelium can also be cultured with the fermentation material obtained by high temperature and strong alkaline treatment. Specific method: add 4% quicklime when proportioning, add it to the material in the form of lime water and mix well. Then 1000 kilograms as a pile, stuffy fermentation. When the material temperature reaches more than 60 ℃, keep for 24 hours, turn the pile and repeat for 2-3 times. When the raw material feels sticky and elastic, tea-brown, no peculiar smell, pH 7.5, water content 65%, spread out and cool, load and culture into a pollution-free full bacteria bag, regardless of clinker, fermentation material, raw meal full of bacteria bag, the raw material can be cottonseed shell, corncob or other substitute materials. The bacteria used should be high-quality bacteria with good comprehensive characters in the local area.

Second, the construction of shade shed. Choose high-quality land with vegetable garden, courtyard or sandy loam soil to build a shed. The shed dug a border of 20 meters long, 1.3 meters wide and 0.22 meters deep, and the two beds were made into one shed. Leave the sidewalk in the middle of the bed and keep it solid all around. When arching, the bamboo with a diameter of more than 4 cm is folded into an arch, then reinforced with horizontal bamboo, covered with film and covered with grass grass (which can also be a shade woven with all kinds of straw).

Third, put in the bag of bacteria. Remove the plastic film from the 30cm-long bag (if it is a long bag) and put the bag at an angle of 75 degrees until the bed is full. When you code the bag, you should carefully check whether the bag is infected with miscellaneous bacteria. If so, apply a sharp weapon to eliminate it to prevent spread.

Fourth, soil covering treatment. The best covering material is loam, treated with 1% lime powder in late autumn, winter and early spring, and 3% lime powder in late spring, early autumn and summer: mix the lime powder evenly into the soil, and strive to have no large particles. The treated soil can be covered with a bag of bacteria placed in the yard, and the soil at the top of the bag should be 1.5 cm thick and swept flat with a broom.

Fifth, irrigation requirements. Groundwater or other clean water can be drawn by a pump, irrigated from one end of the border until the border is fully permeated, and the water can be kept in the border for 12 hours (if the mushroom bag is easy to float, it can be leveled after water infiltration). After flooding in this way, part of the overlying soil may sink. After the water in the border has permeated, sprinkle a layer of soil and sweep it flat, and then sprinkle nutritious water (composed of 2% urea, 0.2% magnesium sulfate, zinc and trace amounts of benevolent fertilizer, Gaomeshi or other auxin, and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer), so that the newly scattered soil is wet and does not sink, and the skin can stick when it is slightly dry.

Sixth, the principle of high yield. In the production of Pleurotus ostreatus by conventional method, the main factors restricting the high yield are the loss of water and nutrients after the first stubble mushroom, and the hyphae are easy to age, so it is difficult to produce the second or third stubble mushroom. By using this technology, the nutrient water can be irrigated once for each crop of mushroom, which makes the mycelium relatively maintain sufficient nutrients and water, and prolong the mycelium life and mushroom production period. A week after soil mulching and irrigation, the new mycelium connects the whole bacterial bag into one. In the process of mushroom emergence and growth, the soil continuously supplies nutrients and water to the mycelium, so the mushroom body is still fat, fresh and tender when the second or third stubble comes out. Due to the suitable humidity and good shading in the greenhouse, from the formation of small mushroom buds to mature harvest, the environment of long mushrooms is like a wet shaded land, which overcomes the disadvantages that it is difficult to control the humidity of conventional cultivation space and it is difficult for bacteria bags to supply nutrients and water; in addition, micro-fertilizer, hormone and auxin can infiltrate into the soil with irrigation, which is convenient for mycelium absorption and utilization, so it can obtain stable and high yield, high quality and high efficiency.