New techniques for propagation of lilies

Lily is not only dignified and colorful, its fleshy tender stem is also rich in nutrition, has a special medical and health care effect, and has become a best-selling health food in the market. Several bulb propagation methods of lily are as follows:

First, sowing and reproduction

By sowing mature seeds of lilies, a large number of lily bulbs can be obtained in a short time for bulb production and fresh cut flower cultivation. The lily species suitable for sowing and breeding are: wild lily, musk lily, diploid lily, Wudan, Wang lily, Taiwan lily, Sichuan lily, hairy lily, Qingdao lily, Hubei lily, medicine lily and so on. There are two types of lily seed germination: cotyledon unearthed and cotyledon soil. The former shows the surface of the top of cotyledons 15-30 days after sowing, such as Wang lily, Sichuan lily, musk lily, etc., while the latter seeds form overwintering bulbs in the soil. it was not until the following spring that the first aboveground true leaves grew from the bulbs, such as hairy lily, Qingdao lily, medicinal lily and so on. The sowing soil can be prepared with 2 parts of fertile soil, 2 parts of coarse sand and 1 part of peat, and a small amount of phosphate fertilizer can be added at the same time; the best sowing time for unearthed cotyledons is from March to April, the thickness of the covered soil is 1-2 cm, and some varieties can blossom after 6 months. Wang Lily, Hubei Lily and so on can not bloom until the next year. For the species of cotyledons left to sprout, such as medicinal lilies, it is better to sow in autumn, the radicle can be extracted in November, the first true leaf can be unearthed in February-March of the following year, and it can blossom 3-4 years later. The transplanting of lily seedlings should be carried out when the cotyledons are just unearthed and the cotyledons are straight. Seed breeding is the best way to propagate lilies, which can obtain robust disease-free plants and new hybrid types. Where normal seeds can be obtained, seed balls can be cultivated by sowing.

(2) Propagation of stem glomeruli

For lily species which are not easy to obtain seeds, they can be propagated with stem-bearing bulbs. That is, the bulbs derived from the aboveground stem base of the plant and the stem nodes buried in the soil were used for propagation. First, bury the mother ball properly, and when the bud appears at the end of the stem, remove the bud as soon as possible to promote the increase and enlargement of the bulb; it can also be after the plant blossoms. Cut the aboveground stem into small segments, buried flat in the wet sand, exposed the leaves, about more than a month, in the axils of the leaves can also grow bulbs. Generally, seed bulbs are harvested and planted in October, with a row spacing of 25 cm and a plant spacing of 6 mi 7 cm, covering 4-5 cm of burning soil and moisturizing with grass. Commercial bulbs weighing about 40-50 grams can be grown the following year. Usually, the bulbs produced on an area of 1 hectare can be planted in 2-3 hectares.

3. Plant bud propagation

The species of lilies that can produce plant buds in the axils of leaves, such as lilies and other hybrid lilies, can be propagated by plant buds. The size of plant buds is related to the nutritional status of varieties and mother plants, and the diameter of large plant buds is only 0.2-0.3 cm. Wait for the plant bud to grow mature on the stem, slightly purple, when the hand touches, harvest the plant bud, sow it in the sandy soil, cover the soil with just able to cover the plant bud, set up a shed for shade, keep it moist, only spray water without watering, take root in 1-2 weeks, emerge in 20-30 days, transplant it on the seedling bed one week after emergence, pay attention to shade every day, keep the bed soil from freezing in winter, and grow into a commercial seed ball that can bloom the following year. For the varieties that can not form plant buds, the stem segments with single or double nodes can be cut and cuttings with leaves, and the plant buds can also be induced from leaf axils.

IV. Leaf cuttage propagation

Some species of lilies, such as musk lilies, can also be obtained by cuttings of cauline leaves of the plant. The method is as follows: peel the leaf off the stem, insert it into a moderately moist substrate, keep it for about 20 ℃, and give light for 16-17 hours a day. After about 3-4 weeks, the callus can be produced at the base of the leaf, and the bulb will form a small bulb. One and a half months later, the bulb will produce new roots and become a new plant.

5. Scale cutting propagation

For the lily species which are not easy to obtain seeds and are not easy to produce plant buds and bulbs, the scale cuttings of mother bulbs can be used for propagation. In addition, bulblet propagation can propagate rapidly, but it is easy to degenerate, and the corm yield will decrease gradually. generally, a renewed purification and rejuvenation is needed for 4-6 years, and scale cutting is the most suitable. The method is as follows: in autumn, the large bulbs without diseases and insect pests are selected to pick the scales and cut face down on the sand seedling bed, but we must be careful not to come into direct contact with its fertilizer to prevent decay. The row spacing is 15 cm and the plant spacing is 3-4 cm. Pay attention to moisturizing and cold protection. From February to March in the following spring, the scales can form healing tissue and differentiate into small bulbs. the seedling amount of scale cutting propagation of 1 hectare is equivalent to the propagation number of stem bulbs of 3 hectares.

VI. Bulb cutting and propagation

For wild lilies distributed in the wild, or other large varieties, it is hoped that they can blossom and watch as early as possible while planting fewer bulbs, and the bulb cutting method can be used to reproduce. That is, to dig up a large bulb in autumn, cut it into 4-5 pieces, and then cultivate it with clean sandy soil, more seedlings can be formed the following year, and then planted separately.