Storage characteristics and harvest of pears

The main results are as follows: 1. the storage characteristics of pears are more resistant to storage, and their storage characteristics are similar to those of apples. they are important fruits for long-term storage in large quantities in China. There are many varieties of pears with different storage tolerance. From the pear system, there are white pear system, sand pear system, Qiuzi pear system and foreign pear system. Most of the varieties of white pear system are resistant to storage, such as Yali pear, Xuehua pear, crisp pear, Changba pear, Korla fragrant pear, Qiubai pear and so on. The honey pear, Benli pear, an pear and Hongxiao pear in the white pear system were very resistant to storage, and the sour and rough quality was improved after storage. Most of the excellent varieties in Qiuzi pear system are not resistant to storage, only Nanguo pear and Jingbai pear are more resistant to storage. The storability of sand pear system is not as good as that of white pear, including late Sanji pear, Jincun autumn pear and so on. Western pear system originated from Europe, but few varieties were introduced into China, such as Ba pear (banana pear) and Kangde pear. Their meat quality is very easy to soften and their storability is poor. They can only be stored for a few days at room temperature and can be stored for 1 to 2 months under cold storage.

Second, the harvest time has a direct impact on the storage effect of pears. The maturity of pears is usually judged by the color of the fruit surface, the flavor of the pulp and the color of the seeds. The green variety shows maturity when the fruit is green, green or greenish yellow, with inherent fragrance, the pedicel is easy to break away from the stalk, and the seed turns brown, that is, it is a symbol of moderate maturity, when the background color of copper green or green brown is yellow and yellowish brown, and when the pedicel is easy to break away from the stalk, it shows maturity; if it is a thick yellow or translucent yellow, it is a symbol of overripening. If the western pear is allowed to ripen on the tree, it is not suitable for storage and transportation because the flesh becomes loose and softened, and even causes core rot, so it should be harvested when the fruit is ripe but the flesh is still hard. The standard is: the fruit has the shape and size that this variety should have, the green face of the fruit is green and yellow, and the pedicel is easy to break away from the fruit branch. Harvesting should not only be timely, but also strive to reduce damage. Due to the crisp structure of pear pericarp, it is easy to be injured by touch, pressure and thorn in harvest and other links, which should be paid attention to.