Causes and control of secondary growth of garlic

Garlic is one of the indispensable vegetables in people's daily life, and it is also a popular vegetable that can be supplied in the market all year round. However, in recent years, due to improper planting methods and management methods, a large number of garlic secondary growth, that is, people often say "horsetail garlic,""bread garlic," so that garlic can not be planted or eaten, seriously reducing the commodity and economic benefits of garlic, what is the reason for garlic secondary growth, how to prevent and control? According to the observation and experiment in recent years, the author summarizes some experiences for reference only.

1. The cause of garlic secondary growth

1. The selection of garlic seeds is improper. Because heredity is the main factor that makes garlic produce secondary growth, garlic varieties suitable for planting in this area should be selected first. Garlic seeds should have large garlic heads, garlic cloves fertilizer, and each garlic has obvious division, 4-8 cloves constitute a head. If we choose the varieties which are not suitable for planting in this area, it will greatly promote the secondary growth of garlic.

2. The environmental conditions of garlic seed storage place are improper. If garlic seeds were stored at 14-16℃ or 0-5℃ and 75-100% relative humidity 30 days before sowing, low temperature and high humidity would increase the secondary growth rate of garlic outer and inner forms.

3. The sowing date is improper. Garlic cloves are formed by the lateral buds of leaf axils on the bulb, and are affected by temperature, light and nutrients. Therefore, blind advance of sowing date is also a main reason for secondary growth of garlic.

4. Garlic seeds are handled improperly. Garlic farmers in some places like to cool or treat garlic seeds before sowing, and then sow, thinking that this will make garlic sprout early, in fact, doing so will also promote the secondary growth of garlic inner and outer layers.

5, garlic clove size selection is not appropriate. Some people think that the garlic cloves as garlic seeds are bigger and better, and are easier to grow. In fact, according to the author's observation for several years, the garlic cloves as garlic seeds must be in a certain range in size. Too small is easy to form single garlic cloves, and too large will cause more secondary growth.

6. Improper cultivation management measures. Garlic has strong adaptability, but it is very sensitive to environmental conditions, nutrients and moisture in the growth process.

II. Control measures for secondary growth of garlic

1. Select high-quality garlic as seed. Agricultural proverb says "good seedlings, good seedlings yield high," so when planting garlic, first determine the selection of garlic seeds, should choose white color, terminal bud hypertrophy, disease-free garlic cloves, to resolutely eliminate broken buds, rotten garlic cloves.

2. Improve storage conditions. Storage of garlic seeds at temperatures above 20℃ and air relative humidity of 75% 30 days before sowing could effectively control secondary growth.

3. Strict sowing time. The suitable temperature for garlic bulb expansion is 20-25℃. Garlic enters dormancy above 26℃. Although new leaves can continue to differentiate when sunshine hours are less than 13 hours, lateral buds on bulb disk cannot be formed. Therefore, garlic planting must be strict according to land and seed. Garlic farmers often say that "Mid-Autumn Festival is not at home, Dragon Boat Festival is not in the ground" and "Spring garlic does not come out of nine," which clearly points out that autumn garlic is suitable for sowing from late September to early October, and spring garlic is sown before mid-March.

4. Garlic seed treatment should be carried out properly. Before sowing, the garlic seeds are dried in the sun for 2-3 days, so that the garlic cloves are loose and easy to break. When sowing, peel garlic and remove residual stem disk, which can reduce the secondary growth of garlic, and make it sprout early and emerge neatly.

5. Reasonable close planting. The best row spacing of white garlic is 16 cm ×10 cm, and the best row spacing of red garlic is 10 cm ×8 cm.

6. Strengthen management measures. During the whole growth period of garlic, fertilizer and water supply should be strengthened, but it is not suitable for large fertilizer and water supply. In the most critical bulb expansion period, 25-30 kg of garlic special compound fertilizer can be applied per mu; small water can be poured once every 3-5 days to keep the surface dry; 600 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times in this period to supplement phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.