Increasing temperature in shallow water to promote tillering and fertilization to prevent and strengthen rice seedlings

Due to the influence of unfavorable weather conditions such as low temperature, heavy rain and light, rice turns green slowly, leaves are yellow, tillers are few, and growth is delayed. For this reason, rice expert Xu Yirong put forward some countermeasures, such as shallow water warming to promote tillering, fertilization "two prevention" and strong seedlings, fitness and disease prevention, after an on-the-spot investigation in Heilongjiang reclamation area.

First of all, to do a good job of water layer management, deep water is a heat preservation measure, shallow water is a warming measure, and not establishing a water layer is a cooling measure. For the deep-water land formed by rainfall, it must be drained in time, increase temperature, promote root system and promote tillering. Comprehensive measures should be taken to increase the temperature of well water to ensure that the water temperature at tillering stage, meiosis stage and heading filling stage reaches 17 ℃, 18 ℃ and 20 ℃ ~ 22 ℃, respectively.

Secondly, to achieve fertilization "two prevention" strong seedlings, one is fertilization. It is necessary to apply tiller fertilizer early and increase the amount of tiller fertilizer (planned tiller fertilizer is increased by 10%-20%). After rice turns green, it is applied immediately, of which 80% of tiller fertilizer is scattered in the whole field, and the other 20% nitrogen fertilizer is applied 5-7 days later. The second is to kill weeds. In the second time of killing weeds, amide herbicides were used before 1.5 leaf stage and organophosphorus herbicides were used before 2.1 leaf stage. Toxic soil or spraying method was not recommended. The water layer is 3 to 5 centimeters and the water retention is 5 to 7 days. The third is to control leaf miner and negative mud worm. At present, leafminers have occurred, it is necessary to strengthen field investigation, find a timely prevention and control of a piece, the use of chemicals such as Amelo, enemy killing, and so on.

In addition, the regulation of field diagnosis should be strengthened. First, the process of leaf age should be diagnosed in time. If the low temperature continues, the growth delay may occur, so the best way to diagnose the leaf age process in time is to select representative plots and mark them on the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th leaves of rice. If it is found that there is a phenomenon of increasing leaves, we should spray silicon-containing foliar fertilizer and phosphorus-potassium foliar fertilizer to promote early maturity; second, we should comprehensively use stem number diagnosis and leaf color diagnosis to apply regulatory fertilizer. After the critical leaf position of effective tiller of rice (7.5 leaf stage of 11-leaf variety), if the number of stems per square meter is less than 450,500 ears, it is necessary to increase the amount of fertilizer to promote large panicle. If there are too many ears, it is necessary to sun up the field in time to control invalid tillers.

With regard to fitness and disease prevention, it is necessary to conscientiously do a good job in the prevention and control of rice flax leaf spot, bacterial brown spot, sheath rot, rice blast, brown panicle, and other "five diseases". Under current conditions, rice flax leaf spot and bacterial brown spot are easy to occur. You can choose 2% plus 80 ml of rice + 25% prochloraz 60 ml / mu. For example, 3.5% polyantimycin 80 100 ml / mu or 50% hydantoin 75 ml / mu can be selected for the prevention and control of rice browning. According to the situation of rice seedlings, we should do a good job in the rescue of drug damage, apply tiller fertilizer and biological fertilizer (no expired biological fertilizer) after turning green, and spray Huangjia natural brassin, Kangkai, sea elves and other plant endogenous hormone regulators and amino acid fertilizer, Yiwei foliar fertilizer at 4.5-5.5 leaf stage.