Simplified cultivation measures for High yield of Cotton

In the process of cotton cultivation, cotton farmers often consult: why is the boll falling off serious? Why are there so many black peaches? In addition to "complaining about bad weather" and "complaining about too much rain", cotton farmers should also think that excessive cotton density is the "culprit".

In the past, cotton farmers "a?? 5000~6000 seedlings per mu of "far one tree" are more common. At present, cotton fields with density of 3000~4000 plants per mu are still everywhere, and "excessive density" is a common problem of most cotton farmers. As a result, the development of cotton single plant was hindered, the number of fruit branches decreased, the field closed, the quality of pesticide application was difficult and the quality of pesticide application was not high, which caused "three more", that is, the number of buds and bolls dropped increased, the number of diseases and insect pests increased, and the number of spades in the later stage increased, which caused serious negative effects on high yield and high efficiency of cotton. According to the analysis of nutrient level, the fertilizer application amount of high fertility land and super high yield is equivalent to 100 grams per square meter, and 4 seedlings are reserved for whole planting in one square meter.(density of about 2700 trees per mu), the average fertilizer absorption per plant is 25 grams; if 2 seedlings are left in one square meter,"no cotton cultivation" is lazy.(The density per mu is about 1300 trees), and the average fertilizer absorption per plant is 50 grams; it is not difficult to see from this simple data list that pruning planting will only cause about 1/2 of the fertilizer to "supply cotton but not cotton" due to excessive seedling density; at the same time, pruning takes time and labor, and it will also cause excessive bud growth, cotton plant interaction, field closure, and if chemical control is unreasonable, the cotton will be small and few. In addition, the branches that grow out are broken again, not only consume a lot of fertilizer in vain, but also damage cotton plants.

In the current situation, with the increase of rural young and middle-aged migrant workers, the "main force" of rural cotton planting is the elderly and women, and "no cotton repair"(also known as "lazy cotton" or simplified cultivation) has been increasingly praised by the majority of cotton farmers. Guo Xiangmo, an authoritative expert of China Cotton Institute, published a book entitled "Cotton Spending and Efficiency Cultivation Techniques" in 2010, which affirmed the importance of simplified cultivation without "cotton repair".

Experts suggest that "no cotton pruning" depends on 3~5 leafy branches and more bolls (the higher the fertility, the more leafy branches), and the number of bolls per plant is 1~2 times that of traditional pruning cotton. Therefore, cotton plants must be given enough space to grow without pruning, and the density should be about 50% of the seedlings of local common pruning varieties. The higher the fertility, the thinner the seedlings. Moreover, the actual planting in various places has proved that in addition to high yield and yield increase, the advantages of sparse planting cultivation include "three provinces and three less", that is, labor saving, medicine saving, fewer pests and diseases, fewer buds and bolls, and fewer black peaches. For some cotton farmers who still adopt traditional pruning and branching planting, it is suggested that a small part of pruning free sparse planting experiment and 10%~30% reduction density pruning planting contrast experiment may be carried out in their own fields, so as to convince themselves.

Special reminder: The author has been concentrating on the research and promotion of "no pruning cotton" for seven years. In addition to screening more than 20 varieties suitable for "only beating the top once", they have been successfully promoted in Dezhou, Binzhou, Dongying and other cotton areas. In this need to remind the vast number of cotton farmers is that some boll setting poor, boll small, open boll is not smooth, disease resistance is poor, more pubescence and other characteristics of varieties are not suitable for simplified cultivation, cotton farmers must select the right varieties.