Discussion on cultivation techniques of Cotton at Seedling stage

Cotton is grown in more than 100 countries in the world. Asia is the largest cotton producing continent in the world, accounting for 70% of the world's output. China is the largest cotton producer in the world. In recent years, the annual cotton planting area is generally stable at more than 75 million mu, with a total lint output of more than 6.5 million tons. Hubei Province is one of the seven major cotton producing areas in Dian, with a perennial cotton planting area of about 7 million mu and a total lint output of about 500000 tons. Huangmei has a perennial cotton planting area of about 210000 mu. The total output of lint is about 23000 tons, and the planting area and output rank among the top 10 in the province.

First, choose the planting mode

Cotton field planting mode is mainly double cropping and other row planting, cotton field interplanting can be popularized in cotton areas with convenient transportation in spring and winter, and wheat interplanting and oil planting are mainly developed in Huangmei County.

2. Selection of varieties

Good varieties are the basis for increasing crop production. The principles to be followed in selecting good varieties are as follows: good yield, good quality, strong disease resistance, insect resistance and open boll opening. In recent years, the main recommended varieties in Huangmei County are Ezamian 10 F, Ezamian 23 F, Ezamian 28 F, Gangzamian 8 F, EK288F and so on.

3. Seed treatment

Including seed drying, seed soaking, chemical seed dressing, etc., but now farmers basically buy seeds directly from the market, and seeds coated with hair are rarely used. therefore, seed soaking and chemical seed dressing can be omitted, but seed drying is still needed before sowing. Seed drying can break the dormancy of cotton seeds, effectively kill cotton seed epidermis, reduce seedling diseases, and promote seed ripening. Enhance seed water absorption and seed coat permeability, increase germination rate in dustpan, promote seed germination and seedling emergence, dry seeds in low light weather for about one day, and be careful not to sun seeds on slate, cement or plastic film to avoid high temperature burns cotton seeds and affect germination rate.

Main Seedling raising techniques of Cotton

First, raise seedlings in a nutrition bowl. It is the main way of raising seedlings in the cotton area of our county, which is fully mixed with only fertilizer, barnyard manure, chemical fertilizer and green soil, using different bowl makers to make different specifications of nutrition bowls, using plastic film to raise seedlings.

2. Industrial seedling raising

The main results are as follows: 1. Raising seedlings with acupoint plate. The seedling is raised by plastic hole plate, and the nutritious soil is directly filled in the seedling plate and covered with soil after sowing.

2. Raising seedlings with substrate. Soilless new substrate was used to raise seedlings.

3. Floating seedlings. The floating seedling of nutrient solution was carried out with nutrient matrix as support and polyethylene foam tray as carrier.

Cotton seedling transplanting in nutrition bowl:

1. Seedling raising technique of cotton in nutrition bowl

(1) sowing seeds at the right time to improve the quality

The seedling bed should choose the floor which is leeward to the sun, high-rise terrain, convenient drainage, no Fusarium wilt and convenient for near transplanting. The soil of seedling bed requires more than 2% of soil organic matter, 90-120PPM of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, 10-20PPM of available phosphorus and 100-150PPM of available kalium. in order to improve the fertility of the soil, every 6000 bowl of soil (about 2000 kg), 18-20 square meters of seedling bed, cotton cake, 2 kg of carbon, calcium and phosphate calcium or 2 kg of human urine and 1 kg of potassium chloride were applied, and ploughed a piece of soil.

Sowing at the right time to improve the quality of sowing. When the soil temperature of 5 cm stably exceeds 10 ℃ in late March, the seeds can be sown. The suitable sowing time must be determined according to the maturity of the previous crop and according to the cotton seedling age of about 30 days, so as to improve the sowing quality. First, the soil moisture in the bowl is sufficient, and sufficient water in the bowl is the key to fast and tidy seedling emergence. Second, evenly sow seeds, thin cover soil, dry seeds fall into the bowl, 1-2 grains per bowl, then cover 1.5-2.5 cm fine soil and cover with film, compacted with soil around, and strengthen fixation, prevent strong wind to uncover the film, give full play to the moisturizing effect of plastic film; third, disinfect the bowl cover seed soil.

(2) strengthen the management of seedbed and cultivate strong seedlings

1. increase the temperature and wet enough to promote the seedling, and prevent the seedling from burning at high temperature.

The cotyledons of cotton seedlings should give full play to the role of warming and moisturizing when sowing, so as to ensure that the seedlings come out at high temperature and humidity, usually 5-7 days after sowing.

2. Control temperature, reduce humidity, promote stable growth, and prevent crazy growth.