Planting Gastrodia elata in plastic greenhouse

The plastic greenhouse cultivates gastrodia elata, the scale may be big or small, the investment is small, the benefit is high, saves the labor, the labor, the province cultivated land, does not need to fertilize, does not need to beat the medicine, does not need to weed, the economic benefit is remarkable. The technology is described as follows:

1 Site selection should choose shady slope or semi-shady and semi-sunny gentle slope land, sand land with good permeability, and slightly acidic or neutral soil with pH value of 5.5 - 6.0.

2 Greenhouse construction according to the construction method of vegetable greenhouses, sitting north to south, the size can be determined according to the scale of cultivated gastrodia elata, generally 8 meters wide, long with the terrain and scale, the height of the front and rear walls is 1.3 meters. The front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with a ventilation window with a height of 40 cm and a width of 1 m every 3 meters. 16#steel bar or bamboo plate is used as arch skeleton, plastic woven bag is covered on the skeleton, rice and wheat straw are covered on the woven bag, plastic film is covered on the grass and compacted, and a layer of grass curtain is covered on the film. The plastic greenhouse can keep warm in winter and cool down in summer, and create an environment suitable for the growth of Gastrodia elata.

3. The materials required for pre-sowing preparation are calculated per square meter. Generally, 1 square meter of oak wood rod with a diameter of 3 - 6 cm and a length of 60 cm is prepared, soaked in 0.25% ammonium nitrate solution for 6 - 12 hours, and cut 1 scale every 10 cm on the stick. At the same time, it is necessary to prepare: 400kg of clean and pollution-free medium and coarse river sand, preferably washed with clean water 6 hours before use; 1kg of oak leaves, soaked in clean water for 4 hours before use, drained of water for later use; 3kg of oak branches with a diameter of 1.5 cm and a length of 6 cm; 5 bottles (2.5 kg) of Armillaria species, 2 bottles (or 2 bags) of germinating bacteria, and 16 - 20 gastrodia capsules. When operating, first germinate bacteria (because germinating bacteria seed production is used for the culture medium of oak tree leaves), cut into small pieces of 1.5 cm square with a sharp knife, put into a clean basin, then gently pinch Tianma capsule with hands to make its longitudinal crack line crack, shake Tianma seeds in the germinating bacteria in the basin, mix evenly with both hands, shake off a capsule and mix it once, and crush the capsule pericarp and sprinkle it into germinating bacteria, turn evenly to be sown.

sow method when sowing, first spread 10 cm thick river sand on that ground in the plastic shed, then spread a lay of soaked oak leaves and pat flat, then evenly spread the germinated fungus fragments mixed with gastrodia elata seeds on the leaf layer, then put the prepared oak sticks on the sowing layer, the intervals between the sticks are 5 cm, and about 9 sticks (15kg) are placed per square meter in each layer, then put the Armillaria species on the fish phosphorus mouth and the two ends of the sticks, and then put the seeds with a diameter of 1.5 cm, A small oak stick 6 cm long is placed obliquely between the big oak sticks to guide the Armillaria mellea on the stick and finally cover the river sand 5 cm. After sowing the second layer in the same way, cover the river sand 15 cm and pat it flat.

5 After sowing management 15 - 25 days after sowing, you can spray water on the gastrodia tuber bed surface once. After 15 - 20 days, when the seeds of Gastrodia elata have germinated, Armillaria mellea has been inoculated with oak sticks, and heavy water needs to be sprayed once. After keeping the sand wet, humidity control in 40%-55% can be, especially in July to August when the temperature is higher, can not be heavy water, culture material humidity control below 40% to pay attention to ventilation, spray cold water to the air cooling, late August to September when the temperature is 20 - 25℃, it is the growth season of Gastrodia elata, can be sprayed every 15 - 20 days 1 heavy water. After October, the temperature gradually drops, and under normal circumstances, there is no need to spray water.

6 Transplanting ① harvesting of Gastrodia elata: Gastrodia elata sown in June, in order to expand the seed, can be harvested and transplanted in November of that year, but also in March of the following year. If you want Tianma to grow into finished hemp (white hemp or arrow hemp) or seed hemp (seed arrow hemp), you can harvest or transplant it in November of the following year. The best harvest time of Gastrodia elata is synchronous with transplanting time. Gastrodia elata harvest, first remove the upper layer of sand, and then slowly lift the bacteria stick, pick out gastrodia elata. Arrow hemp, large white hemp, medium and small white hemp and rice hemp are classified and packed for separate use. The second layer is recovered by the same method. Harvested arrow hemp or big white hemp is processed into commercial hemp, some arrow hemp should be used as seed hemp for sexual reproduction; medium and small white hemp and rice hemp should be cultivated for asexual reproduction. (2) Transplanting of Gastrodia elata: firstly spreading river sand with thickness of 5cm on the ground, placing one old bacterial stick fallen from Gastrodia elata at intervals of 5cm after leveling, one oak stick newly cut with fish scale mouth and soaked in ammonium nitrate solution, and placing small oak sticks with diameter of 1.5cm and length of 6cm obliquely between the old bacterial stick and the new stick. Sprinkle a layer of sand to bury 1 and a half bacteria sticks. Place one gastrodia tuber seed at intervals of 3 - 6cm on both sides of the old bacteria rod. The plant spacing of medium white hemp is 6cm, the plant spacing of small white hemp is 3 - 5cm, and rice hemp can be broadcast. Tianma seeds placed well, can also be scattered Armillaria mellea fragments, such as old bacteria material is very good can not be scattered Armillaria mellea fragments. 5 cm thick covered with river sand, the second layer cultivated with the same method, 15cm thick covered with river sand. In winter, it is necessary to pay attention to covering grass to keep warm and cold. Try to keep the temperature at 20 - 27 ° C.

After November, the temperature gradually drops, and attention should be paid to the winter cold of Gastrodia elata. When the local temperature drops to 3 - 5 ° C, it can be covered with wheat straw 5 - 10cm thick on the gastrodia elata ridge surface to keep warm and freeze.② When the temperature in spring is stable above 8℃, it is advisable to remove the cover grass and keep the humidity at about 30%. When the temperature rises to 16 - 18cm, it is necessary to spray heavy water once, and the humidity should be kept at 40%-50%. When the summer temperature is higher than 28 - 30 ° C, Gastrodia elata stops growing and enters summer dormancy. At this time, watering should be controlled, and the humidity in the cultivation bed of Gastrodia elata should be maintained at 30%-40%. Every night open the doors and windows ventilation, noon to the air spray water cooling, in case gastrodia rotted. Pay attention to draining stagnant water in rainy season. When the temperature in autumn gradually drops to 20 - 25℃, it is the vigorous period of Gastrodia elata growth, and the humidity in the cultivation layer of Gastrodia elata should be maintained at 50%-55%. As the temperature continues to drop, the humidity will gradually decrease. When the temperature is between 10% and 16 ° C, the humidity should be maintained at about 30%. Gastrodia elata will enter dormancy period in November, which is the best time for harvesting and transplanting.