What is the effect of basic culture materials on the yield of Gastrodia elata
At present, the basic culture materials used in the cultivation of Gastrodia elata are different. In Hanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, river sand is used as the basic culture material, and humus soil is often used as the basic culture material in Tonghua area of Jilin Province. Others use broad-leaved sawdust Gaza or rice husk Gaza as the basic culture material. The biggest advantage of sand culture material is good water permeability, but contains very little nutrients; choose semi-rotten deciduous humic soil as culture material is better, but can not be mixed into the bottom black soil. The production practice has proved that sawdust Gaza, rice husk Gaza and semi-rotten deciduous leaf Gaza are better than using sand alone as the basic culture material. Because sawdust, rice husk and semi-rotten fallen leaves all contain a lot of cellulose and lignin, which are nutrients needed by Armillaria mellea. Armillaria mellea does not simply get the nutrients it needs from sticks and branches. The richer the nutrition of the basic culture material is, the more nutrients Armillaria mellea gets and the more nutrients are supplied to Gastrodia elata, so that Gastrodia elata can produce high yield. If 0.2% phosphate fertilizer and 0.35% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added to the culture medium, and 2% gypsum, 2% sucrose or beet sugar are added, or when Gastrodia elata grows into a peak period, 1% sugar water is often sprayed with 1% sugar water, or 10% or 20% potato boiled liquid (if 10 mg of vitamin B1 is added to sugar water and potato water, or 0.01% triacol is added), the effect will be better. But do not spray too much, the temperature of the basic culture material should not exceed 70%.
However, there are also those who do not use the above-mentioned culture materials to obtain high yield of Gastrodia elata. For example, the method of applying base fertilizer and covering thin quilt created by Yunxian Medicinal Materials Company of Hubei Province has achieved high yield of Gastrodia elata. Their approach is:
After selecting the hemp field, ① will dig, and the living soil layer should be 40 cm deep. Dig a pit with a width of 40 cm, a depth of 40 cm and a length of 3 m.
② put 2 cm thick sesame stalk or a fresh tender wood stick every 6 cm in the pit, relax soil 7 cm 8 cm, and cultivate Gastrodia elata according to the method of clamping fungus material or fungus stick. Mix 3x5 oil sandy soil with 2x5 broadleaf sawdust or rice to fill the gap.
③ covers thin quilts. Chop all kinds of thick and thin fresh branches into 3 to 5 centimeters long, evenly cover a thin layer (that is, thin quilt), and cover with some oil sand until the ground is level. Cover it with some fallen leaves and dead branches. In this way, high yield can be obtained when the cultivation is carried out row by row and the row spacing is 15-20 cm.
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Does Gastrodia elata in Changbai Mountain of Jilin Province suffer frost damage in the snow year? How to prevent frost damage
The wild Gastrodia elata in Changbai Mountain of Jilin Province is mainly distributed in the alpine broad-leaved mixed forest with cool and humid summer, deep snow in winter, large ground coverage, thick litter layer, shallow frozen layer, 500-2500m above sea level and loose soil. Wild Gastrodia elata has less snow and thick frozen layer in winter, and artificial cultivation of Gastrodia elata has freezing injury at the time of cold prevention measures. The ground was sealed by heavy snow in 1981 and 1982, and the snow was 80 cm thick in winter. The snow was broken and found that the ground permafrost was only 3 cm, so wild Gastrodia elata and home planting
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When is the best time to pick the capsule of Gastrodia elata
After pollination of Gastrodia elata flowers, the ovary gradually enlarged, and the capsule was light brown or pink, showing a long oval shape, with 6 vertical edges. There are 10,000 to 50,000 seeds in each capsule, up to 80,000 seeds at most. The seeds are small. In the form of powder, it is difficult to recognize its size and shape with the naked eye. Under the microscope, the mature seeds are fusiform, 0.6 mm in length and 0.14 mm in width. The embryo is 170 to 180 microns long. The seed coat is white and translucent, like a wing, consisting of parenchyma cells, without endosperm, and the embryo is light brown or black brown.
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