How to cultivate Pleurotus ostreatus at high temperature

Late spring and early summer are good seasons for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus. Because of the high temperature and many diseases in the fruiting period, the planting amount of high temperature Pleurotus ostreatus is relatively small, but its price is 2~3 times that of autumn and winter. It is very difficult to plant Pleurotus ostreatus under high temperature, and the success rate is very low, so how to obtain high quality and high yield is a problem that mushroom farmers are concerned about.

variety selection

Many mushroom farmers failed to cultivate Pleurotus ostreatus at high temperature, mostly due to the error of variety selection. Some mushroom farmers did not make clear the temperature type of the variety and planted it casually. As a result, due to the wrong temperature type, they did not produce mushrooms or failed to produce fungi. Therefore, they must introduce them to scientific research units with high reputation.

Ensure strain quality

In order to make high and stable yield of Pleurotus ostreatus, it is very important to master the correct production technology of strain and ensure the good quality of strain. The yield of improved varieties is more than 30% higher than that of inferior varieties, and the mushrooms are strong, and diseases and insect pests rarely occur.

site selection

The mushroom growing fields of high temperature mushroom can be large arch shed, semi-underground mushroom shed, unused vegetable shed in summer, abandoned house, etc. The requirements are that the cover on the shed must be thick, well ventilated and easy to drain.

Preparation of bacteria bag

Can take clinker bag and fermentation material bag two methods, can not take raw material cultivation, otherwise production failure.

Clinker bag making cultivation refers to the method of high temperature sterilization, seeding and bacteria generation after culture material is prepared. This method is most suitable for cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus at high temperature, and its advantages are as follows: ① After high temperature sterilization, the nutrients in the culture material can be fully decomposed, and the nutrient utilization rate of hyphae to the culture material is high;② After adopting this method, various nutrients can be added into the culture material without worrying about contamination of bacteria rods during the growth period of miscellaneous bacteria;③ The temperature of the material in the clinker cultivation can be well controlled, and the burning phenomenon in the growth of bacteria in the raw material cultivation can be prevented;(4) Mushrooms produced earlier in clinker cultivation and sowed at the same time, 10~15 days earlier than in uncooked cultivation. The specification of clinker bacteria bag can be selected 20 cm ×45 cm ×2.5~3 silk, not too thick or too thin.

Fermented bag-making material is suitable for mushroom farmers with rich experience in producing fungi. Specific method: After adding water to the culture material and mixing well, build a material pile with a width of about 1.5 meters, a height of about 1.2~1.5 meters and an unlimited length. The dry material amount of the material pile should be more than 500 kilograms, not too little, so as to avoid that the material temperature cannot rise or rises too slowly. The upper part of the material pile shall be piled into a turtle-back shape, and the surroundings shall be patted gently. Two rows of ventilation holes shall be drilled at the top of the material pile with a wooden stick with a diameter of about 5cm, and then a row of ventilation holes shall be drilled laterally inward in the middle and lower parts of the material pile. The hole spacing shall be about 30cm. The material pile shall be covered with straw curtain, gunny bag and fish scale bag.

After the material pile is covered, measure the temperature of about 25 cm on the surface of the material with a thermometer. When it rises to 55℃ or more, start timing and maintain it for about 12 hours, and then turn over the pile. It is usually necessary to turn the pile 3 times before fermentation. The method of turning over the pile is to change the top and bottom of the pile, adjust the internal and external phases, and rebuild the pile after turning over the pile. The operation is the same as that of the initial pile construction. After the fermentation of the material is good, the stack is disassembled and cooled. When the temperature drops to about 30℃, the bag can be bagged. The bag size can be 22~ 25cm × 45cm ×1.5~2 silk plastic bag, seeding method adopts four-layer strain three-layer culture material layer seeding method. After sowing, holes are punched around the bag and at both ends for placing the strains, and 8 - 10 ventilation holes can be punched at both ends and at each layer in the middle for placing the strains.

Hair management

In summer, the temperature is high and it is difficult to grow bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to discharge bacteria bags reasonably, turn bags over and ventilate oxygen in due time, and control the temperature of bacteria and ambient temperature. No matter it is clinker bacteria bag or fermentation material bacteria bag, all single layer discharge, row spacing is not less than 50 cm, bag spacing is not less than 5 cm. Shading should be strengthened in the breeding site, ventilation and heat dissipation should be strengthened, cold water can be sprayed on the bacteria bag to cool down if necessary, and the temperature of the material bag should be strictly prevented from exceeding 33℃.

fruiting management

When hyphae grow fully and thoroughly, the bag is stiff and elastic, and there are light yellow water droplets and primordia on the surface, which indicates that hyphae have reached physiological maturity. When 80% of bacteria bags have primordia, they can be stacked for fruiting. The bacteria wall can be divided into three layers at most. The bags cannot be close to each other. A gap of 3~5 cm should be reserved for heat dissipation. The layers can be separated by small bamboo poles. During the whole mushroom production process, ventilation must be good; due to the high temperature in summer and rapid evaporation of water, in order to ensure humidity, water can be sprayed 3 to 4 times a day, and the shed can be irrigated with water every few days. The time from sowing to fruiting of Pleurotus ostreatus at high temperature is relatively fast. Under normal management, fruiting can be achieved in about 20 days, and the biotransformation rate can reach 100~130%.