Brief introduction of Primula

Scientific name: Primudaspp.

Aliases: primrose (Japanese name), New year's Flower

Families and genera: Primulaceae, Primulaceae

Primula is widely cultivated in the world and has a long history. It has developed rapidly in recent years and has become a kind of important garden flowers. Both the middle name and the scientific name Primula have the meaning of early flowering. Flowering in early spring is an important characteristic of this genus.

Cultivation history of primroses: according to local records and the traditional custom of Yunnan folk planting primroses in pots for Spring Festival appreciation. China's Tibetan newspaper spring was imported into Britain around 1820. According to Yun, the flower was collected from a private garden in Guangzhou. It can be seen that the cultivation of Primula in China began at least in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In Europe, local species such as P.veris and P.vulgaris are wild species until the beginning of the 17th world. P.vulgarisvar.sibthorpi. After the introduction, there are red, purple and other colors, first planted in the garden. After the Alpine Spring P.auricula was imported to England in 1596, it immediately became a favorite flower for the British. From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of this century, Britain, the United States and other countries sent people to our country to collect primrose specimens and seedlings, many of which have become garden plants.

Origin and distribution of primroses: there are about 500 species of primroses in the world, most of which are distributed in temperate and subtropical alpine areas of the northern hemisphere, and only a few in the southern hemisphere. There are about 300 species in China, mainly distributed in Sichuan, Yunnan and southern Xizang, followed by Shaanxi, Hubei and Guizhou, and few in other provinces.

Morphological characteristics: the plants of this genus are basically perennial herbs, but some species are often cultivated for 1-or 2-year-old flowers. All of them are basal, forming rosette leaf clusters. Flowers are red, yellow, orange, blue, purple, white, etc., arranged in umbels, racemes, heads, or solitary in foliage; Corolla funnelform or salverform, 5-lobed, spreading; stamens 5, Adnate to Corolla tube or crown throat, opposite as many as Corolla lobes, included. Capsule globose or Terete. The seeds are numerous and small.

Primula species, varieties and varieties: according to the research of plant taxonomists in recent years, primroses in China can be divided into 30 groups. In cultivation, it is mainly divided into greenhouse potted flowers, perennial root flowers and rock gardens, high mountain gardens, wild interest gardens and swamp gardens.