Preventive measures of scabies in rabbits

Rabbit scabies disease, also known as rabbit acariasis, is a kind of external parasitic disease caused by scabies mites or itch mites parasitic on the body surface of rabbits. The disease has a wide range of invasion and high incidence, and it is the main disease in winter and spring. The disease is highly contagious. If it is not treated in time, the diseased rabbit can die because of gradual weight loss and weakness, and the harm is very serious. The disease is introduced in combination with practical experience.

Characteristics of the disease

Rabbit scabies mainly occur in winter and late autumn and early spring, because of insufficient sunlight and long and dense rabbit hair, especially when the rabbit house is wet and in poor sanitary conditions. it is transmitted through direct contact between healthy rabbits and diseased rabbits or indirect contact with rabbit houses and utensils contaminated by mites. All kinds of rabbits are susceptible, but thin rabbits and young rabbits are the most susceptible, and the disease is more serious.

Clinical symptoms

When scabies occurs in rabbits, severe itching first occurs, which is the main symptom throughout the disease, and when the skin temperature increases after entering a warm place or activity, the itch is even more serious. When the rabbit is infected with itch mite, redness and swelling occurs near the ear root at the beginning of the disease, and then peeling, and sometimes exudate, the exudate dries into yellow crusts, stuffing the ear canal, such as paper rolls, the diseased rabbit's ears droop and shake its head constantly, and scratch the ears with feet and claws, and in serious cases spread to the ethmoid bone or brain, causing epilepsy. When rabbits are infected with scabies mites, the disease begins with the mouth, nostrils and claws, and gradually spreads to the bridge of the nose and circles of the eyes. The diseased rabbits constantly gnaw their claws with their mouths or scratch their mouths and nostrils with their legs. In severe cases, there are special positions such as front feet scratching the ground, hind feet scratching the ground, gray scab on the claws, swelling of the diseased rabbit's mouth, affecting feeding, rapid emaciation, and finally failure and death.

Pathological changes

The pathological changes of the disease are mainly in the skin. The affected part depilates, appears papules or blisters, and gradually forms gray crusts. With the development of the disease, the affected skin gradually thickens, loses elasticity and forms wrinkles.

Diagnosis.

Scabies with obvious symptoms can be diagnosed according to the season of onset, severe itching and changes in the skin of the affected area. If the symptoms are not obvious, scrape the crusts of the affected part, check for worms, and make a diagnosis. The method of scraping dandruff is very important. choose the junction of diseased skin and healthy skin, cut hair, scrape until there is slight bleeding, and collect the disease material in a petri dish or test tube for examination.

Direct microscopic examination

Place the shaved dandruff on the slide, drop a few drops of kerosene, cover a cover slide, rub and press to disperse the diseased material, waiting for the dandruff to be transparent for microscopic examination.

The worm body concentration method adopts more diseased materials, put them in the test tube, add 10% sodium hydroxide solution, soak overnight or boil, wait for the hair and crusts to dissolve, rest for 20 minutes or centrifuge for 5 minutes with 2000 revolutions, discard the supernatant and absorb the residue for microscopic examination.

Prevention and cure

The prevention of scabies mainly lies in isolating diseased rabbits and thoroughly cleaning and disinfecting the environment and utensils. The rabbit house should be cleaned regularly, disinfected regularly, and kept dry, transparent and well ventilated. The newly purchased breeding rabbits must be strictly quarantined and confirmed to be disease-free before they can be raised in groups. Often check the rabbits, once found sick rabbits, timely isolation and treatment, and disinfect the sick rabbit cages, utensils and contaminated environment thoroughly.

There are many methods for the treatment of rabbit scabies. According to years of clinical practice, the author has realized that in order to make the drug fully contact with the insect body, the hairs of the affected part and its surroundings should be cut off, the crusts and dirt should be removed, and the affected area should be thoroughly scrubbed with 5% warm soapy water or 0.1% potassium permanganate or 2% Lysol solution, and then the medicine should be used after drying. In addition, since most of the drugs have no killing effect on the eggs of mites, the drugs should be repeated 2 or 3 times every 5-7 days to kill the newly hatched larvae and achieve the purpose of radical cure. The commonly used drugs are as follows:

(1) iodine glycerin (3 portions of iodine tincture and 7 portions of glycerol) or sulfur oil (equal mixture of sulfur turpentine and vegetable oil) can be dropped into the ear for 3 days once a day.

(2) 50 grams of cut tobacco and 500 milliliters of vinegar. After soaking for 24 hours, scrub the affected part with the extract twice a day for 5 days.

(3) 20 grams of realgar, 100 ml of soybean oil, boil the soybean oil and add realgar, stir evenly, once every other day, 2 times for 3 times.

(4) 2% trichlorfon solution scrubbed the affected area twice a day for 3 days.

(5) litsea cubeba oil, rub the affected part 1 or 2 times.