Hygiene and disinfection of beehive

The hygiene and disinfection of beehive in beekeeping production is a bee disease.

The important link of prevention and control. Some pathogens can survive in adverse environments for months, while some bacterial spores, fungal spores, or even years. Beekeeping grounds, beekeeping utensils, hives and spleen, @ # @ 255 feed are the living places of these pathogens. the hygiene and disinfection of beehives are important means and measures to prevent the occurrence and spread of honeybee diseases.

I. disinfection of beehive sites

First of all, eradicate the weeds in the beehive, clean up or burn the dead bees in time, or spray 5% bleach emulsion to disinfect the hive and the overwintering room. The colony has an instinct for self-cleaning, and dead bee larvae or adult carcasses are cleaned out of the hive and landed near the hive. Effectively killing these pathogenic bacteria that are cleared out of the box by bees can achieve the purpose of preventing and reducing the spread of disease.

2. Disinfection of beekeeping appliances

1. The combustion method is suitable for beehives, nest frames, wooden partitions, partitions, etc. Use the outer flame of the ignited alcohol blowtorch or kerosene blowtorch to aim at the surface and gap of the above bees and burn carefully until scorched. This can effectively kill bacteria and spores, fungi and spores, viruses, eggs of diseases and insects, etc.

two。 The chemicals commonly used in chemical disinfection are 0.1% potassium permanganate, 4% formaldehyde, 2% caustic soda, 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution, 0.1% bromogeramine and 0.1% peracetic acid. The above chemicals can be prepared into an aqueous solution according to the above concentrations, soak and wash the beehive, nest frame, royal partition, partition, feeding box, etc., and then rinse clean and air-dry with clean water.

III. Disinfection and preservation of nests and spleen

Nest spleen is a place where honeybees cultivate larvae, store honey and bee food. Once contaminated by pathogens, it is easy to cause honeybee diseases. The nests and spleen are often disinfected with sulfur fumigation.

Sulfur dioxide gas is produced when sulfur is burned, which can kill bee mites, wax borer adults, insects and fungi. Sulfur fumigation should be used to treat insects every 7 days for 2 or 3 times in a row. Because sulfur dioxide can not kill the eggs and pupae of wax borer, the eggs will hatch into larvae and the pupae will be feathered into moths before fumigation.

During fumigation, 8-9 nests and spleen were placed in each relay box, 5-7 boxes were stacked into a group, an empty relay box was placed at the bottom, the four corners were laid flat with bricks, and a fire-resistant container was placed inside. The upper end of the plastic sheet (closed bucket) with a width of 1 meter is sealed and can be used to trap the two groups after unfolding. Ignite the charcoal on the stove, put it in a container, sprinkle sulfur on the charcoal fire according to 3 grams per box, quickly push it into the empty relay box, compact the lower end of the plastic sheet and seal it for more than 24 hours. The nest and spleen should be ventilated in a ventilated place for 2-3 days before use to prevent bee poisoning.

IV. Feed disinfection

1. At present, the method of heating and boiling is often used in the disinfection of feed honey. Add a small amount of water to the honey and heat it up. After boiling, it lasts for 30 minutes. Cool to lukewarm and feed the bees.

two。 Pollen disinfection steam disinfection: the pollen is soaked and rubbed into a powder ball or directly placed on a steamer cloth. Steam disinfection for 30 minutes can kill the pathogen that causes the disease of bees. Microwave disinfection: put 500 grams of pollen into a glass plate of microwave oven and bake it with medium microwave firepower for 3 minutes each, which can achieve a good disinfection effect.