Ten key points for prevention and control of jujube mad disease

Jujube mad disease, also known as witches' broom disease, is a destructive disease of jujube trees. In infected jujube trees, the flowers are deformed, the branches and leaves are small and clumpy, and the leaves shrink and do not stretch, resulting in a large number of stagnant or dead plants. pay attention to the following ten key points in prevention and control:

1. Do a good job in the quarantine of the producing areas of seedlings. For the development of new jujube orchards, such as local cultivation, the roots connected to the mother plant should be cut off as soon as possible. The introduced seedlings should be strictly quarantined, the root seedlings of the disease-free mother plants should be selected for propagation, and the disease-free rootstocks and scions should be grafted to ensure the quarantine of the producing area.

two。 Pay attention to the disinfection of grafting and pruning tools. During disinfection, alcohol, fire or potassium permanganate solution can be used to avoid cross-infection.

3. Strengthen the cultivation and management of jujube. Through reasonable pruning, jujube branches are fully visible, breathable and ventilated, and pruning in spring is as important as that in summer. The jujube orchard should increase the application of high-quality mature organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, calcium fertilizer should be applied to the calcium-deficient soil, and weeds should be removed in time.

4. Mildly diseased trees can be punched and filled with medicine. In August, 2-3 holes can be drilled on the same side of the branch of mild jujube disease, reaching to the xylem. Mint ice 50 grams, keel powder 100 grams, copper green 50 grams, mixed and ground into fine powder, then fed into the hole with a paper tube, 3 grams per hole, then nailed with wood wedges, and then sealed with mud for prevention.

5. Wheat bran was applied in annular ditch in summer. In July, ring ditches can be dug around jujube trees, each plant applied about 3 kg of wheat bran and covered with soil after irrigation, which can improve the disease resistance of jujube trees.

6. Active treatment of mild to moderate disease trees. The lightly affected jujube trees were injected with 10 million units of oxytetracycline in four directions at the base of the trunk before the sap flowed in early spring, and once more before the sap returned to the root in autumn.

7. Ring cut the trunk and the main root. From the defoliation of the diseased jujube plant to the germination of the next year, 3-5 annular grooves were sawed upward from the trunk 40 cm from the ground (15-20 cm apart), and the bark was transparent without harming the xylem. Around the seriously diseased tree root, dig up the soil, expose the base of the main root, saw the same annular groove as the trunk at the base, and cut off the sieve tube in the phloem, so that the pathogen can not survive.

8. Cut off some of the lateral roots of the seriously diseased tree. For seriously diseased jujube trees, the lateral roots in the same direction as the diseased branches should be cut off in order to eliminate the pathogens overwintering in the lateral roots of diseased trees and to prevent the spread of pathogens.

9. Control disease-borne insects and cut off the route of transmission. Do not plant pine, cypress, mulberry and paulownia trees near the new jujube orchard, and intercropping with sesame is strictly prohibited to reduce the number of vector pests. According to the prediction of insect situation, combined with the control of jujube inchworm, jujube armyworm and peach heart borer to control leafhopper disease-borne insects. Different pesticides should be sprayed at different developmental stages of spreading insects, such as spraying 1000 times of 50% methyl 1605 to control the hatching of overwintering eggs of Chinese quasi-rhomboid leafhopper during jujube sprouting (around late April). Spraying 5000 times of cypermethrin EC before flowering (around mid-May) can control the first generation nymphs and concave edge rhombus leafhopper. After blooming (around late June), 1000 times of fenitrothion EC or 1000 times of dichlorvos were sprayed to control the adults of Chinese quasi-rhomboid leafhopper, and 20% butyl EC was sprayed in mid-July to control Chinese quasi-rhomboid leafhopper and concave edge rhomboid leafhopper.

10. Cut off the lightly diseased branches and cut off the seriously diseased trees. The bud of the disease should be removed in time from July to August when the jujube mad disease was prevalent. For lightly diseased jujube trees, the diseased branches should be sawed off from the base as soon as possible (that is, crazy twigs saw big branches, not only twigs), and diseased branches and leaves should be burned and buried; seriously diseased jujube trees should be thoroughly removed, planed, thoroughly cleaned up dead branches and residual roots, centralized incineration treatment to prevent sprouting roots and seedlings, so as to reduce the source of disease. Eradicate the diseased plants of sour jujube within 300 meters of the jujube garden to avoid cross-infection.