Shaping and pruning of kernel apricot

Apricot trees like the sun very much. Foreign countries often use the tree shape of two main branches without side branches on the trunk, or four main trees without sides on the trunk. In our country, we usually use the natural round head shape or evacuation stratification shape, and a few areas use the natural spindle shape. In short, the main should not be much, the interlayer should be large, the sunlight can enter the inner chamber, the twig group is more, and the big branch group is less, that is, it can be fruitful.

1. Young trees need to expand the crown as soon as possible, cut off the main branches moderately, remove competitive branches, dense squeezed branches and whorled branches, let the main branches tilt outward to grow, and maintain their growth potential, and the rest of the branches are slow and not short. The angle and direction of the main branch is not suitable, you can use the method of pulling branches to adjust, do not easily turn the head or change from big to small. The pruning of young trees should be light rather than heavy, and the main purpose is to accelerate the expansion of the crown, cultivate the shape of the tree, slow down the tree potential and enter the fruiting period as soon as possible.

2. Primary fruiting tree pruning continues to adopt the pruning technique of light cutting and multi-slow release to remove competitive branches, increasing the angle of main branches and applying summer pruning techniques such as coring, so as to further ease the tree potential, increase fruit yield, and cultivate small and medium-sized fruiting branches.

3. Pruning trees in full fruiting period from a large amount of fruit to senescence, during this period, in addition to continuing to short-cut and extend branches, properly raise and lengthen branches and strengthen growth, attention should be turned to the fruiting branch group, especially the inner bore branch group is easy to die, and the light path should be opened during pruning so that sunlight can shoot into the inner chamber. For the branchlets bearing 3-5 years, the branchlets should be truncated and renewed year by year, keep robust, remove the overgrown branches in the bore, control the upright competitive branches on the big branches, and keep the tree shape intact. For the long and slow branches that have borne fruit for many years, they should retract to the new leading branches with growth potential in time. It is necessary to keep the growth of new shoots of the whole tree at about 30 cm. The long fruit branches should be truncated in 3 places, and the medium and short fruit branches should be properly truncated to stimulate the regeneration and growth and keep strong.

4. Senescent tree pruning is called senescence period when the yield decreases obviously to before death. The pruning of this kind of trees should be aggravated appropriately, the twigs should be cut more and less slowly, the old branches should be retracted and renewed, and the general retraction should raise the angle and cut short the leading branches. The growing branches and competitive branches should be used to restore the tree potential and crown.

5. The apricot trees that are allowed to be pruned are never pruned, the trees decay prematurely, the fruiting parts move outward, the inner chamber is bare, and the yield is very low. The transformation of this kind of tree should first focus on the big branches. according to the present situation of the tree, adhere to the principle of "pruning according to the tree and shaping with the branches", remove too many, crossed and overlapping big branches and erect branches between layers year by year, and increase the distance between layers. make the sun shine into the inner chamber, induce the inner chamber to branch, and cultivate the fruiting branch group. At the same time, it retracts the senescent branches, truncates the developed branches and raises the drooping branches. For the high-crowned tree heads, measures should be taken to reduce the level, open the skylight and get more sunlight. In this way, if we persist in the transformation for 2-3 years, it will become a tree with high yield.

6. Wild apricot tree shape transformation wild apricot is mostly cluster shrub, no trunk, big branches dense as hairy cherry, peripheral fruit, the yield is very low. During the transformation, two larger branches were selected as the trunk, the rest were removed from the roots, and the basal branches were eradicated many times in 12 years, and the growing branches on the reserved branches were cut short to promote growth and shape with the branches. Due to the improvement of light conditions, the yield will be greatly increased.