Cultivation and Management of Cotton Seedling stage

The cotton is sown at the right time this year, and the seedlings emerge neatly, in order to promote the early development and balanced growth of strong seedlings. At present, the main management measures are:

1. Clear ditches and drainage, prevent waterlogging and waterlogging. Cotton does not need much water at seedling stage, which generally accounts for only about 15% of the total water consumption. But there are many Rain Water in our city at this time, the soil moisture is high, the groundwater table is high, and there are often bright, waterlogged and dark stains, resulting in soil anoxia, a drop in soil temperature, a weakening of root activity, slow growth of cotton plants, and easy occurrence of diseases and mildew roots and dead seedlings. Cotton farmers often say that "the cause in the water, the root gets sick, the fierce sun dies" is reasonable. Of course, excessive drought at the seedling stage can also cause growth stagnation. "Water is not only the life of cotton, but also the disease of cotton", which illustrates the relationship between water and cotton growth. According to the characteristics of the local climate at the seedling stage, it is very important to do a good job of ditching and drainage, lowering the water level below 1.5 meters as far as possible to ensure the good development of cotton roots.

2. Ploughing and weeding to promote root growth. The cotton seedling stage is rainy, the soil is easy to harden, the temperature is low, the fertilizer decomposition is slow, and the cotton seedling stage has a long time, so the growth is slow. At this time, weeds propagate and grow very fast, and they win glory and fertilizer with cotton seedlings, and even affect the growth of cotton seedlings. Therefore, ploughing and weeding has become an important work of seedling management. In recent years, herbicides have been vigorously promoted in cotton areas, and the use of artificial weeding has been greatly reduced. Middle ploughing and loosening soil should grasp the principles of shallow first and then deep, shallow edge of row, deep between rows and shallow between plants. it is appropriate to use half an inch in the early stage of middle tillage, and then deepen gradually.

3. Reasonable application of seedling fertilizer. After the cotton seedlings are unearthed, the stored nutrients of the seeds themselves have been basically consumed. in order to meet the needs of rooting and nutrient establishment of cotton seedlings, timely and reasonable topdressing should be applied at the seedling stage, especially in the cotton fields with poor soil viscosity, poor fertility, low base fertilizer and no base seed fertilizer. The seedling fertilizer is generally applied with urea 3ml / mu and 5kg / mu, and then irrigated with water.

5. Control of diseases and insect pests at seedling stage. The main diseases and insect pests of cotton at seedling stage are blight, anthracnose, red rot, stem blight, brown spot, black spot, and blight and angular spot in some years. The main pests are small land tigers, snails, wild slugs, cotton aphids, cotton bugs, and so on, as well as small leaf rollers and thrips in individual cotton fields. these diseases and insect pests seriously threaten the whole and strong seedlings of cotton, causing slow and late growth in the light. heavy ones cause decapitation and loss of plants, or even pieces of dead seedlings. Therefore, we must implement the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control" to ensure the early development of strong seedlings. The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests at the seedling stage, in addition to clearing ditches and drainage and eliminating weeds, is mainly chemical control. at present, there are many kinds of pesticides, and the generation is updated quickly, so it is necessary to adjust measures to local conditions, select the right pesticides, and improve vigilance. We should pay attention to the quality of prevention and control, avoid high toxicity and high concentration spray treatment, and specifically guide the prevention and control according to the disease and pest information of the local agrotechnical departments.