Planting techniques of Edible Fungi in Winter

First, the factory site. There are many ways to cultivate edible fungi, and indoor heating cultivation is the most suitable in cold winter. Indoor heating methods include pipe heating, coal stove and so on, but considering the cost and practicability, coal furnace heating is the most effective. The device is suitable for relatively cold areas, and can achieve low cost, fast heating and convenient operation. The cultivation of edible fungi such as Pleurotus ostreatus in low temperature season has the advantages of mild harm to diseases and insect pests, low contamination rate of miscellaneous bacteria, good high and stable yield, large cover, thick cover, short handle, good color quality and high quality. And there are few vegetables in winter, so it is easy to occupy the market and obtain ideal benefits.

Second, raw materials. The choice of raw materials is very important. For example, Pleurotus ostreatus is the easiest to cultivate among edible mushrooms, and the cultivation methods are simple and diverse, among which the cultivation of raw materials with low cost and easy operation is the first choice. There are raw material cultivation and clinker cultivation, raw material cultivation is that the culture material has not been sterilized at high temperature, generally adopts the method of composting fermentation. After mixing the culture material with water, pile it into a pile, cover it with plastic sheeting, let it heat up naturally, each time the center temperature of the pile reaches 60 ℃, turn the material at the edge to the middle, continue to pile up, and let it heat up naturally again. After 3 times, it can be inoculated and bagged. By controlling a certain ratio of carbon to nitrogen and high temperature conditions, the reproduction of miscellaneous bacteria can be effectively inhibited and the rapid growth of Pleurotus ostreatus can be promoted.

Third, bagging. For bagged culture materials, some people think that small bags have less loading and short cycle, but the output is low and time-consuming; some people think that large bags have more materials, high yield, but long cycle and low efficiency. Through the comparison of cultivation experiments, it is found that the specification of plastic bag is 18 × 45 cm (the length is 30 cm after loading) and 0.6 kg of dry material is the best. In the bagging mode, the implementation of three layers of bacteria and two layers of material, that is, each end of a layer, sandwiched between a layer of bacteria, more suitable for intensive production.

Fourth, management. The method of locating mushrooms can be adopted. Pleurotus ostreatus and other mushrooms grow from the oxygen holes reserved during bagging, which can effectively prevent the mushroom buds from shrinking due to competition for nutrients in the growth process, resulting in unnecessary loss of nutrients. Conventional open mushroom production, the mushroom cluster is too large, there are many dead mushrooms, and the mushroom quality is poor. On the other hand, if the mushroom method is not open, the water evaporation of the bacterial bag is less.