Problems existing in urban dog breeding and disease prevention

At present, pets are developing rapidly in urban and rural areas in China, especially pet dogs in cities. In order to avoid and reduce the prevalence of canine disease and zoonosis, this paper proposes to standardize the pet market, improve the medical level, and raise awareness and take countermeasures for rabies, canine distemper and zoonotic parasitic diseases.

People in the city often treat their dogs as pets, and they don't have the heart to eat them or send them to restaurants even if they die. This is a custom that people have loved their dogs for thousands of years. According to historical records, Persians and Greeks began to domesticate dogs as early as 10,000 years ago, and China also has a history of 6,000 years. This is inseparable from the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards. At present, although dogs are the main pets, there are still many people who like to raise cats, cockfights, rabbits, birds, pigeons, goldfish and other animals, and the variety and number of pets are on the rise.

There are many pet hospitals, but the technical level is generally on the low side

With the increase in the number of pets, pet diseases also increase, so it is very necessary to set up some pet hospitals in large and medium-sized cities. However, veterinarians with certain professional skills must do the job. Unlike ordinary livestock and poultry, pets only meet the needs of people's material life, it mainly meets the needs of people's spiritual life, and its value far exceeds that of ordinary livestock and poultry and other economic animals. Some people think that pets are priceless, while others regard pets, especially pet dogs, as one of the family members. As a result, it has always been a popular saying to beat a dog and deceive the owner, which is tantamount to treating a dog as a human being. Because pets are not compared with ordinary animals, people are required to provide them with some special services similar to human beings, such as regular epidemic prevention, beauty, special clothing, mattresses and other daily rest supplies. These have some relatively perfect services in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and other big cities, and are starting in small and medium-sized cities, but medical services are mostly undertaken by grass-roots veterinarians who used to treat livestock and poultry, and there is a lack of relevant knowledge. need to be further trained and improved.

2 rabies is fully understood, and other diseases are ignored

2.1 rabies phobia and its countermeasures

When it comes to rabies, almost everyone is in danger, and they are fully aware of rabies. Anyone who is bitten by a dog (regardless of whether the biting dog suffers from rabies or not) should be vaccinated urgently, indicating that rabies already has an important place in the minds of ordinary people. Due to endangering people's lives, rabies has an incubation period of up to 40 years and a minimum of 4 days. Rabies is an infectious disease with high mortality, which is terrible and should be paid attention to. However, taking an injection after a bite is a more passive preventive measure, often spending more money, lingering fear for a long time, fear of doom, heavy ideological burden, and many people suffer from rabies phobia. In fact, as long as dogs are vaccinated against rabies on time, the probability of dogs suffering from rabies can be reduced to a minimum. Even if you are bitten or scratched by a dog, it is not terrible to deal with it in time, and the degree of worry can be reduced.

2.2 attention should be paid to canine distemper.

Canine distemper should bear the brunt of canine viral infectious diseases. According to Chen Pengfeng and du Yimin (2000.6), the incidence of canine distemper reached 40% 50% in Shanghai a few years ago, and at present it is not less than 15%. However, people's understanding of the disease is not as good as rabies and is often ignored. The reason is that the disease mainly infects dogs, not humans, and does not belong to the case of zoonosis. However, the incidence and mortality of the disease are much higher than rabies, and often show a variety of symptoms, diagnosis is difficult, often misdiagnosed as other diseases. Fortunately, there are a variety of vaccines and special therapeutic sera for the prevention of the disease in China (developed by Beijing military Hospital, Xi'an military Medical University and other units). As long as the vaccine and serum are used in time, the expected effect can be achieved. The problem is that the price of the product is on the high side and the usage is too large. Ordinary pet dogs in small and medium-sized cities and rural areas do not want to spend so much money on treatment and prevention, but only in expensive dogs. Cities in big cities and developed areas also have the need to further publicize the necessity of vaccination and expand the scope of prevention. At the same time, efforts should be made to reduce the production cost and sales price of vaccine and serum for further promotion.

2.3 awareness of parasitic diseases common to humans and dogs should be raised.

Human and canine parasitic diseases are more common in China, because most of these diseases are chronic mutual infection, the fatality rate is not high, so it has not been paid attention to. However, in terms of its harm to human and animal health, it causes mental unhappiness, which is no less than that of other infectious diseases. There are more than 200 kinds of diseases transmitted by humans and animals all over the world. At present, more than 150 kinds of human and animal parasitic diseases have been reported, which are widespread in China, and there are as many as 36 kinds of serious diseases (Guo Yuanhua et al., 1994.10). Among them, there are 9 species of paragonimiasis, such as paragonimiasis, forest clonorchiasis, paragonimiasis, ginger clonorchiasis, liver clonorchiasis, etc.; there are about 9 kinds of human-animal transmission diseases caused by tapeworms, such as echinococcosis, schistosomiasis, trichinellosis, larval transfer, etc. There are about 7 kinds of human-animal transmission diseases caused by arthropods, such as @ 261 infectious disease, pentostomiasis, etc., and about 4 human-animal transmission diseases caused by protozoa, such as leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis and so on. Porcine giant snout echinococcosis caused by echinococcosis. According to Liu Jiaqing's recent report (May 2000), in the past five years, the infection rate of toxoplasmosis, nematode and in vitro parasites in Shanghai has reached 23%, 28%, 26% and 17%, respectively. The infection rate of parasites is so serious in Shanghai, a more developed city in China, and the infection rate of parasites in underdeveloped areas must be even higher.

In the above-mentioned human-animal parasitic diseases, most of them can be infected by dogs and humans, becoming canine and canine diseases, and showing an upward trend. There are many factors causing human-animal transmission disease, and the reasons are complicated. People are engaged in production and construction, contact between people and animals, human eating habits and religious customs, and environmental pollution may cause human-animal transmission disease. Especially after dogs and cats become pets or companion animals, the contact between people and animals becomes more frequent, which creates opportunities for people and animals to transmit diseases to each other, which should be paid great attention to. Especially in small and medium-sized cities and rural areas, the environment is poor, so the work of general survey and prevention should be strengthened. In view of the lack of specific drugs for some treatments, scientific research departments should step up research and development and pay attention to the study of parasitology in clinical veterinary medicine. At the same time, with the reform and opening up, foreign sick dogs enter the domestic market, quarantine should be strengthened to prevent foreign human-animal transmission of diseases into our country.