Fracture, a common surgical disease in dogs

[etiology]

All kinds of direct or indirect violence can cause fractures. Such as falling, running, twisting and flashing when jumping, heavy rolling, muscle traction, sudden strong contraction and so on can all cause fractures. In addition, in rickets, osteomalacia and other sick puppies, even if the effect of external force is not great, long bone fractures of limbs often occur.

[main points of diagnosis]

The unique symptoms of fracture are deformation, displacement of both ends of the fracture (such as angular displacement, longitudinal axis displacement, lateral displacement, rotational displacement, etc.), and the affected limb shows abnormal posture such as shortening, bending, prolongation and so on. The second is abnormal activity, such as flexion, rotation and other abnormal activities when loading or passive movement of the affected limb (but the fracture of ribs and vertebrae, the abnormal activity is not obvious). Bone rubbing can be heard at the broken end of the bone. In addition, symptoms such as bleeding, swelling, pain and dysfunction can be seen. Open fractures are often accompanied by major soft tissue trauma, bleeding and bone fragments. at this time, the sick dog has obvious systemic symptoms, refusing to eat, pain and restlessness, and sometimes elevated body temperature. Diagnosis can be made according to the history of trauma and local symptoms, and X-ray examination or photography can be taken if necessary.

[treatment]

1. Emergency rescue: should be carried out at the site of the disease to prevent the displacement of the broken end of the fracture or serious complications due to the movement of the diseased dog. Emergency rescue includes: first, stop bleeding, ligate the wound with bandages, strips of cloth, rope, etc., wipe iodine on the affected part, spread iodoform and sulfonamide powder in the wound; second, after temporary bandaging and fixation of the fracture, immediately send it to the veterinary clinic for treatment.

2. Plastic surgery: take recumbent Baoding and restore it under local anesthesia. When the fracture part of the limb is displaced, it can be pulled distally along the axis of the limb by the assistant to straighten the displaced fracture part so that the two broken ends can be restored correctly. At this point, we should pay attention to whether the limb axis is normal and whether the two limbs are of the same length.

3. Fixation: general cleaning treatment of the affected part of non-open fracture. After general treatment, the open fracture was spread with iodoform sulfonamide powder, and then fixed with plaster bandage or splint. When fixed, should be filled with cotton or cotton pad to prevent friction. Try to reduce exercise after fixation. After 3-4 weeks, the bandages and splints can be removed after 40-60 days.

4. Systemic therapy: bone medicine (Yunnan Baiyao, etc.) can be taken internally and fed with animal auxin, calcium tablets and cod liver oil. For dogs with open fractures, antibiotics and tetanus antitoxin can be used to prevent infection.