Jin Cuixiang, a New strain of Pear
Cuixiang pear was bred by Liu Qinglin, senior agronomist of Dalian Chenji Fruit Co., Ltd., in 1981, using Xuehua pear as female parent and Zhuanghe No. 1 pear as male parent. After years of observation and trial, the performance is good.
I. Fruit characters and characteristics
The fruit is Obovate, with a transverse diameter of 5.5 to 6.5 cm, a vertical diameter of 6.5 to 7.5 cm, a single fruit weight of 300 to 400 grams and a maximum of 700 grams. The stem depression is deep, and the goose head often appears. Three inconspicuous longitudinal grooves can be seen in the fruit of young trees. The calyx is detached, and the calyx depression is widely funnel-shaped. The pericarp is thin, yellowish green at the beginning and golden when ripe. The taste is very good, the flesh is white, crisp and juicy, with few stone cells. It contains 14.2%-16.4% soluble solids, up to 18.1%, 0.2% acid, 4.6 mg vitamins per 100 grams, and has a strong aroma after ripening. The ventricle is small and airtight, and the edible rate is 94.6%. Under natural conditions, the color and taste will remain unchanged until May next year.
II. Botanical characteristics
After germination, the new shoots and young leaves are lavender, the leaves are yellowish green, widely ovate, the leaf margin is sparse and shallow, and the quality is thick. The tree is strong and upright, and the branches of young trees should not be opened. The germination ability is weak, the branching ability is strong, and the pollination rate of white flowers is high. Generally, it is mainly short branch fruit, with strong continuous fruiting ability and axillary flower bud fruiting habit. The fruit ripening period was neat and consistent, and there was no natural fruit drop before harvest. Fruit will be seen in 3 years after planting, 5 years into the full fruit period, and 5-year-old young trees can bear fruit of 25 kg to 50 kg.
III. Phenological phase
The pear sprouted around April 15 in Zhuanghe area and blossomed at the beginning of May (average temperature in May was 8.1 ℃, annual average temperature was 8.7 ℃, frost-free period was 170 days). It matured from the end of September to the beginning of October, and the growth period was 140-150 days.
Fourth, good adaptability
This pear has strong adaptability and lax requirements for soil, and the pH value of 6.5-7.5 can be planted. Since 1998, Zunhua City, Hebei Province, Cao County, Shandong Province, * Yining, Jilin Ji'an and other places have been successfully introduced. Donggang City, Yingkou City, Wafangdian City and Jinzhou District of Dalian City around Zhuanghe City were also introduced successfully. Donggang City has listed Jincui fragrant pear as a promotion project.
Fifth, strong resistance
1. On August 21, 1998, the Zhuanghe area was hit by Typhoon No. 11, with a wind force of 7 to 8, and more than 50% of other varieties fell fruit, while Jincui fragrant pear basically did not drop fruit except in the limelight.
two。 In the years of cold resistance in 1993 and 2000, the lowest temperature in Zhuanghe area reached-28 ℃, and no freezing injury occurred. The Jincui fragrant pear tree introduced by Jia Changfu in Zhangjiabao Village, Nankouqian Town, Qingyuan County has no freezing damage except for autumn shoots.
3. In 1996, the breeding base of Liuqinglin in Zhuanghe area encountered a flood. 11 4-year-old Jincui fragrant pear trees were submerged in 30 cm water for 72 hours without damage, and blossomed and fruited as usual in the second year.
4. This pear is mainly resistant to scab, ring streak and black spot.
VI. attention problems in introduction
1. This pear forbids Bordeaux liquid, otherwise the fruit is small and the skin is black.
two。 It is not suitable for cultivation without irrigation conditions, and it is most suitable for planting in places with fertile soil and abundant water resources.
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Peach variety: Xiayuan No. 1
The Institute of Horticulture of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences was bred by Zhaohui × Zhaoxia hybrid. The original code was 75Mel 8Mel 6, which was named in 1985. The average weight of a single fruit is 130 grams, and the maximum fruit weight is 210 grams; the peel is milky yellow in color, with a rose blush at the top; the pulp is white to creamy yellow and has a sweet flavor; soluble solids 9%, 10%. Sticky core. The tree is strong and half-open. All kinds of fruit branches can bear fruit, many compound flower buds and high yield. But the pollen is sterile, so it is necessary to configure pollination trees. In Zhengzhou area of Henan Province
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Spades, also known as the queen of spades, is native to North America and is adapted to cultivation in the north and south of China. It is the most valuable special peach variety in China in recent years. This variety has the advantages of short tree shape, more branches, less branches, strong sprouting ability, early fruiting stage and mainly medium fruit branches. Flowering in March, the florescence is long, the flower color is redder than the general peach blossom, has a certain ornamental value. The fruit grows slowly from June to July, expands in August and ripens in early September. The shape is like ordinary peach, the fruit shape is larger, the general fruit weight is 120fu 160g, the largest
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