Pollution-free and high-yield cultivation techniques of parsley

Parsley is a kind of celery, also known as "parsley", "parsley", "coriander" and so on. It is a 1-or 2-year-old herb in the parsley genus of Umbelliferae. It is famous for its aromatic volatile oil. Parsley is green in color, beautiful in shape and rich in fragrance. its edible parts are tender leaves and stems, crisp texture, fragrant and refreshing, and can be eaten raw or cooked with meat. it can also be used as a dry flavor of dishes or as a condiment for soups and other vegetable foods. It is rich in vitamin An and C, protein and minerals, especially selenium, which contains 3.89 mg per 100 grams. Regular consumption can enhance human immunity and prevent the occurrence of cancer. In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards and the renewal of consumption concepts, parsley has become one of the favorite specialties of ordinary consumers.

I. Variety selection

There are four types of parsley varieties: wrinkled leaves, plate leaves, celery leaves and fern leaves. At present, wrinkled leaves are the most popular.

1. No. 1 celery: introduced from Japan. The growth is strong and the plant is tall. High yield, wide petiole, thick mesophyll, not easy to senescence, bright green, good appearance, late bolting, good disease resistance, easy to cultivate. Attention should be paid to keeping the soil moist and avoiding drought.

two。 Carulin: introduced from Denmark. Short stem, leaf curly black-green, good quality, strong cold resistance, can be harvested about 90 days after sowing, keep green for a long time after maturity, high content of essential oil and dry matter suitable for fresh sale and quick freezing.

2. Cultivation techniques

1. Cultivation season: parsley can be cultivated in spring and autumn. Spring is generally in late March and autumn in mid-late July. Direct seeding or seedling transplanting can be used. If the protected facilities are adopted, the cultivation can be realized all the year round.

two。 Sowing and raising seedlings: parsley seeds are thick and hard, contain oil glands, difficult to absorb water, germinate slowly and uneven, soak the seeds for 12 hours and 14 hours, then gently rub off the old skin, put it under 20 ℃ for 4 days, and sow seeds after exposure. The nursery bed should choose a piece of land with cool and convenient drainage and irrigation, deep ploughing and sun drying. For the configuration of seedling bed soil, fertile pastoral soil and fully mature ring manure were sifted according to the ratio of 4 ∶ 6, and then fully mixed evenly, and the bed soil was disinfected with carbendazim and thiram wettable powder (the effect was better when it was used for more than 10 days). Spread the bed soil into the seedbed with a thickness of 10 cm. When sowing, first irrigate the bottom water, then cover a layer of bed soil, spread the seeds evenly on the bed surface and cover 0.5 cm bed soil. 75 grams are needed for every 667 square meters. The plastic film sown in spring can be covered with double-layer plastic film in a small shed, and the plastic film can be removed after emergence; those sown in summer should use sunshade net or shade shed to cool down, moisturize and prevent rain. When there are 5 or 6 true leaves, they can be planted in the field. If it is cultivated by direct seeding, it is necessary to grow seedlings in the seedling stage.

3. Soil preparation and planting: parsley planting land turns deep into the sun soil immediately after the previous crop harvest, to ensure that the soil is fertile and loose, and to avoid repeated cropping as far as possible. Because of the high planting density and long growing period of parsley, it is necessary to apply sufficient basic fertilizer. 5000 kg of mature high-quality organic fertilizer or 800kg of active organic fertilizer should be applied every 667m2. After deep ploughing, ridges are made, with a width of 1.2m, row spacing of 10cm × 20cm and density of 18000 plants / 667m2.

4. Field management: celery should be watered immediately after planting, survive for about 3 days, and sprout new leaves after 7 days. In the slow seedling stage, the soil should be kept moist to avoid drought. After slowing down the seedlings, it is necessary to control watering, ploughing once or twice, combined with weeding, squatting seedlings for about 15-20 days to promote the occurrence of new roots, prevent the overgrowth of outer leaves and promote the differentiation of heart leaves. If the plant shows a lack of fertilizer, you can topdressing the seedling fertilizer for once, applying 10 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 square meters. After the end of squatting seedlings, the plant growth increased and entered the vigorous growth period, and then topdressing every 15-20 days with watering, applying 15kg ammonium sulfate per 667 square meters or 500kg feces and urine from mature people. About 10 days apart, 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves. Parsley is sensitive to boron, and boron deficiency can easily cause petiole cracking, so foliar application of boron fertilizer should be carried out for 3 times in the whole growing period of parsley.

5. Timely harvest: parsley can be harvested at one time or by stages. When the parsley plant reaches the commercial character, it can be harvested at the right time. Harvesting by stages can take 20-25 cm long outer leaves from the base and leave the heart leaves to continue to grow, which can prolong the growth and harvest time of parsley and improve the yield and economic benefits.

6. Pest control: parsley has relatively few diseases and insect pests because of its special smell. The main insect pests are caused by aphids and can be controlled with 50% aldicarb or 2000-2500 times of aphid fog wettable powder. The common disease is early blight, also known as spot disease. 70% mancozeb or methyl thiophanate 400 times 600 times solution, or 50% prohydantoin wettable powder can be used for control.