High-yield cultivation techniques of "Taijiao 304" in Autumn

I. Biological characteristics

"Taijiao 304" is introduced by Guangzhou Nangang Seedling Co., Ltd. from Thailand. "Taijiao 304" has the characteristics of strong growth potential, strong continuous fruiting ability, long harvest time, heat tolerance, low temperature tolerance, drought tolerance, high resistance to virus disease, blight disease, wide adaptability and so on. Its fruit is long horn shape, the fruit length is about 25 cm, the pericarp is green, the fruit shape is long and straight, the fruit surface is smooth and thick, the single fruit weighs 60mur70g, the yield per mu is as high as 5000 kg, the taste is moderate, and it is resistant to storage and transportation. it is a new variety of pepper exported to earn foreign exchange.

Second, sow seeds at the right time and cultivate strong seedlings

Seedbed preparation

The seedbed should choose loam soil with loose, fertile, high organic matter content, disease-free insect-free and high dryness, disinfect the seedbed 10 days before sowing, spray with 65% Desen zinc wettable powder or 50% topzine wettable powder 200MUE 400 times, cover 3MUE for 4 days, and then sow seeds after 4 days in the open shed.

Seed treatment

Many kinds of pepper diseases can be carried by seeds, so seeds should be disinfected before sowing.

Soaking seeds in ① warm soup

Put the seeds that have been soaked in natural cold water for 2 hours in 55 ℃-60 ℃ warm water (2 parts of boiled water + 1 part of cold water), add boiled water 2 times, keep constant temperature 15 min for 20 minutes, then accelerate germination and sow.

② disinfection treatment

The seeds soaked in cold water for 2 hours were soaked in 1% copper sulfate solution for 15 minutes, then rinsed with clean water and then germinated. The method of sprouting: wrap the soaked seeds in a cloth and put them in a place of about 30 ℃. You can use the heat of the electric lamp.

III. Seedling stage management

The autumn planting and seedling raising of "Taijiao 304" is in the high temperature season, so attention should be paid to cooling and humidity control:

Cool down. After sowing, the seedlings were covered with sunshade net or straw, and 5-Mel was gradually removed after emergence for 7 days.

Humidity control. According to the soil moisture, the watering times should be properly controlled to reduce the occurrence of diseases.

Prevention and control of diseases at seedling stage. During the seedling period, the blight and quenching disease can be controlled by Pulike nesting or methyl topiramate spray, Botrytis cinerea by Sukeling spray, and blight by disinfectant alum spray.

The standard of strong seedlings

At the time of transplantation, the plant height is about 15 cm, and there are 10 true leaves in 8mur. generally, it is about 30 days in 25mur. it is suitable to show buds (not open) at 80%. The stem is thick, the leaf color is dark green, the root system is well developed, and there are no diseases and insect pests.

IV. Reasonable close planting

"Taijiao 304" has a long flowering and fruiting period and high yield, so loam with high content of organic matter, deep soil layer, strong water and fertility conservation, good drainage and irrigation, and 2Mel, which has not planted Solanaceae crops in 3 years, should be selected as cultivation soil, and it should be cultivated in deep trench and high compartment. Generally, 110rel 120cm (including one side ditch) is opened, ditch width is about 20cm, depth is about 15cm, sufficient bottom fertilizer is applied, flat surface, double-row and double-plant planting is adopted. It is suitable to plant 3000 plants per mu with a row spacing of 50 cm × 30 cm per mu.

V. Scientific fertilization

According to the fertilizer absorption characteristics of "Taijiao 304", 60% of the total amount of fertilizer will be used as base fertilizer, mainly nitrogen and potash fertilizer and supplemented by phosphate fertilizer. Generally, 2500 kg of rotten residue fertilizer and 30 kg of calcium superphosphate were applied per mu, and ditch application was taken 10 days before planting. Before the planting survives to blossom and bear fruit, the application of fertilizer and water should be controlled for squatting seedlings. if the soil moisture is insufficient, a small amount of dung water can be watered to facilitate the growth and development of roots, prevent the growth of stems and leaves and promote early flowering and fruiting. According to the relevant investigation, the main nutrient N: P _ 2O _ 5: K _ 2O _ 3 absorbed by hot pepper was 1: 0.24: 0.91, the absorption peak was in the full fruit stage, and the nutrition sensitive period was in the early growth stage. After entering the flowering and fruiting period, those who have a large demand for fertilizer and water can open their nests on the side of the box, re-apply 60% of human and animal manure 1 Mel twice, and increase the application of potash fertilizer 2 kg per mu.

VI. Cover of the compartment

After the slow seedling of "Taijiao 304" survived, with the growth and development of the plant, the temperature increased, the light became stronger and the evaporation increased. In order to reduce the effects of high temperature and drought, combined with mid-ploughing and weeding, straw was used to cover the box surface to prevent the breeding of weeds, reduce soil temperature, maintain soil moisture, promote growth, blossom and bear more fruit.

VII. Disease and pest control

"Taijiao 304" is highly resistant to disease, but we should still pay attention to the main diseases and insect pests of pepper.

The main diseases are blight, white silk disease, anthrax, virus disease and so on. The main insect pests are aphids, small land tigers (soil silkworms), red and white spiders, tobacco green insects and so on. We should adhere to "prevention first, comprehensive control", do a good job in field management and improve plant disease resistance.

Chemical control

Pepper blight was sprayed once every 10 days with 64% disinfectant alum 400 Mel 500 times, or 58% Metalaxyl Manganese Zinc 600 ml 800 times. Botrytis cinerea was sprayed once every 10 days with 50% acetaminophen or 50% prohydantoin 1500ml 3000 times. At the initial stage of the disease, 20% pentachloronitrobenzene was used to form medicine soil, and 0.50.8 kg per mu was scattered around the root neck. Anthracnose was sprayed with 1000 times of methyl topiramate or 65% of Dysen zinc. The tobacco green worm kills 600ml 800 times liquid spray with the enemy. Red and white spiders are sprayed with 1000 times of Liuyangmycin.

VIII. Harvest

The harvest of "Taijiao 304" should take into account both yield and economic benefits. It is generally harvested when the fruit is fully expanded, the skin color becomes thicker, the fruit is solid and shiny, and it is harvested once every 5 days.