High-yield cultivation techniques of Zingiber officinale

1. Sow seeds at the right time. Sowing seeds when the ground temperature is above 16 ℃, generally plastic film mulching cultivation combined with direct sowing agent sowing before and after the Qingming Festival; artificial sprouting of ginger in Weifang area is usually in the middle of April after Qingming Festival and before Grain Rain.

two。 Prepare the soil and fertilize. Before ploughing, 4 square meters of high quality soil and miscellaneous fertilizer were applied, irrigated land and deep ploughing 30cm, and then double-effect neutral element 50 kg was applied every 667m2, combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium organic fertilizer (containing 30% organic matter and 20% ammonium humate) 100kg, and prepared ditch after spreading. Generally according to the ditch distance 55~60cm, ditch width 25cm, ditch depth 20~25cm trench. 100kg humic acid nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium organic fertilizer (containing 30% organic matter, 10% magnesium humate, 5% iron, 2% zinc, 12% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and 59% total nutrients) was applied at the bottom of the ditch every 667m2, preparing for sowing.

3. Sow seeds. Irrigate before sowing, soak the seeds with ginger direct sowing agent and soak them in the sun for 3 days, then break and retain each piece of ginger for 30 minutes, then sow the seeds according to the plant spacing 25cm and cover with soil 2~3cm. Every 667m2, apply 200g 250g herbicide to the water 45~50kg evenly and then cover the ground with plastic film.

4. Management at emergence stage. Sprouting 25 days after sowing, it is necessary to punch holes and ventilate in time and prepare for shade. When the seedlings were full, they were irrigated with small water under the film once. If it is found that the tiger harms the stems of seedlings, it can be combined with irrigation to irrigate 2 or 3 bottles of phoxim per 667m2 (strictly prevent the use of phoxim containing DDV).

5. Management at seedling stage. When the seedling of Zingiber officinale was high 20~30cm, the double effect organic water irrigation fertilizer 20kg1 was irrigated every 667m2, once every 10 to 15 days, twice in total. When the ginger has more than two branches, the plastic film can be removed, and the special nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium organic fertilizer for ginger (400kg containing 30% organic matter, 20% ammonium humate, 80kg containing 30% organic matter and 20% humic acid phosphorus) can be applied on the back, and the small back trench can be irrigated with water once. Pay attention to the prevention and control of ginger borer, leaf mites, thrips, jumping beetles and other pests during the pest control period. The effective control agent for ginger borer is insecticidal, 40cc plus synergist 5g (first generation) per back sprayer, and avermectin plus synergist for leaf mite, thrips and jumping beetle. When the above pests occur at the same time, they can be mixed at the same time, and the diseases are mainly charcoal jaundice and some stem rot. The effective control agents are sterilized 50~100cc plus Shuangxiao No. 2 50g plus synergist 5g once every 7 days, a total of 2-3 times as a course of treatment. If pests and diseases occur at the same time, they can also be mixed with drugs.

6. Management during the vigorous growth period. After the Beginning of Autumn, ginger entered the vigorous growth period, fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to achieve a good harvest. At this time, the first task is to top up the big back ditch, first sprinkle the ginger special humic acid nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium organic fertilizer 50kg, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium organic fertilizer (containing 30% organic matter and 20% potassium humate) 50kg, carry on the back ditch, and then sprinkle nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium organic fertilizer (containing 30% organic matter and 20% potassium humate) 100kg at the bottom of the ditch. Remove the shade net one week after fertilizing the back ditch, and add topdressing in the first and middle of September. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium organic fertilizer (humic ammonium) 40kg is used every 667m2. Water was filled with potassium sulfate 10kg. The main pest in the period of pest control is green leaf-eating insect, and the effective agent is insecticidal plus DDV plus synergist. The main disease is leaf spot, and the effective agent is Baituo 100g plus synergist. The above pests and diseases occur at the same time can be mixed use.

7. Harvest. Irrigation is needed 3-4 days before harvest, so that ginger pieces with moist soil after harvest are easy to store. Leave stalk 2~3cm when harvesting and enter the cellar with harvest.

The harvest time of ginger is generally determined according to the climate, because more than 60% of the yield of ginger is formed in the later stage, so as long as the climate is suitable, do not harvest prematurely, generally when the maximum temperature is 18-20 ℃, the minimum temperature is about 8 ℃, and the first frost leaves are slightly withered.

To prevent maggots from harming, ginger cubes can be used to cultivate ginger with sand, and ginger can be stored with sprouting inhibitor in order to prevent the sprouting of high ginger in shallow spring. After entering the cellar, it will not be sealed for 20-25 days. After that, only a small 20~30cm window will be left to seal the mouth, and then seal the wellhead after light snow.