High-yielding cultivation techniques of Tianjin Japonica Hybrid Rice Variety 10 you 18

10 you 18 is a three-line hybrid medium japonica combination bred by Tianjin Rice Research Institute with self-bred male sterile line 10A and self-bred restorer line R148. This combination showed outstanding performance in the selection of new japonica hybrid rice combinations in Tianjin in 2000, and it was named Jinyou 9603 at that time. The national regional test of Yujing 6 was completed from 2001 to 2003, and passed the national variety approval in 2004, which was named 10 you 18. The large area planting of 10 you 18 showed the characteristics of good high and stable yield, good rice quality, strong disease resistance, wide adaptability, excellent comprehensive characters and so on. It has been planted in Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi, Tianjin, Hebei and other suitable provinces and cities, and has broad prospects for development. In order to better cooperate with the popularization and application of this combination, according to the experimental research and demonstration performance in recent years, its large-area high-yield cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

Cultivation and management

The cultivation should be adjusted reasonably around the high-yield cultivation strategy of "increasing planting density, promoting early emergence, strengthening stalks in the middle stage, promoting the formation of large ears, cultivating roots and protecting leaves in the later stage, and improving the seed setting rate". The tillering ability of 10 you 18 was moderate, and it was emphasized that there were 3 to 4 strong tillers per plant when transplanting through sparse falling valley. The grain fall of net seedling board shall not exceed 50 kg / 667 square meters in dry raising, 40 kg / 667 square meters in wet raising and water raising, and the seedling age shall not exceed 35 days.

Fertilization management

The base fertilizer of seedling field is generally applied diammonium phosphate 12.5 kg / 667 square meters, urea 7.5 kg / 667 square meters, potassium sulfate 5.0 kg / 667 square meters, zinc sulfate 1.5 kg / 667 square meters. Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds. Under the premise of strong seedlings, the suitable seedling age is 30 to 35 days, shallow transplanting and uniform transplanting. Under the condition of medium and high fertility, the row spacing was 13.3cm × 25cm, 2-3 plants per hole, 1.8-20000 holes / 667m2, and the basic seedlings were about 8-100000 / 667m2. The planting density of thin field and late planting field should be increased to 22000 holes / 667m2. 10 you 18 has luxuriant roots, strong absorptive capacity, less ineffective growth, less waste of nutrients and photosynthates, and high fertilizer use efficiency. Fertilizer and water transportation planning should adopt the principle of "promoting ahead, controlling in the middle, and slightly replenishing later", use nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer together, and pay attention to the application of zinc fertilizer.

The amount of fertilizer application depends on the fertility and yield indicators of paddy fields. Fields above 700 kg / 667 square meters require 15 to 20 kilograms of nitrogen, 8 to 10 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide and 15 to 20 kilograms of potassium oxide per 667 square meters. Equivalent to 667 square meters with urea 35 to 45 kg, phosphorus content 16% calcium magnesium phosphate 45 to 50 kg or diammonium phosphate 15 to 20 kg, potassium sulfate 15 to 20 kg.

In the way of fertilization, if the base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer is not less than 1800 kg / 667m2; the main fertilizer is chemical fertilizer, which accounts for 30% of nitrogen fertilizer, 100% of phosphate fertilizer and 70% of potassium fertilizer in the whole growth period; tillering fertilizer is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and nitrogen fertilizer per mu accounts for 50% of the total growth period 7 to 10 days after transplanting. When panicle fertilizer is applied after tillering and rewatering, nitrogen fertilizer per mu accounts for 15% of the total growth period, potash fertilizer 25%; grain fertilizer is applied after heading, according to seedling and weather, population leaf color, leaf color fade, sunny weather apply grain fertilizer, and vice versa. General grain fertilizer nitrogen, potassium fertilizer accounted for 5% of the total, can also be foliar spraying, with nutritious foliar fertilizer in the heading and flowering stage for foliar spray.

Irrigation management

Shallow water irrigation was used in the early stage (Huiqing stage). After transplanting rice seedlings, due to the weak ability of root system to absorb water, high temperature and strong wind, the transpiration of leaves was relatively large. Therefore, the water layer of 3 to 5 cm should be maintained after transplanting. After the rice turns green, it is irrigated intermittently, that is, shallow water is irrigated once, until it dries naturally, and when there is water in the foot socket and there is no water in the field, the water is irrigated again, and so on. After rice tillers reached seedlings, shelving the field to control the growth of ineffective tillers, increase soil permeability, achieve long roots and strong stalks, lodging resistance and other functions. The operation of shelving the field: for the low-lying fields in which the seedlings grow too vigorously, the canopy closes earlier, the leaves are drained, and the drainage is poor, the degree of shelving is that the field surface is white, the field surface is split, the white root is seen on the surface, the leaf color fades and straightens, and the growth of ineffective tillers is controlled. promote root development, strong stalks. Light exposure should be taken for fields with weak growth, difficult irrigation and leakage. It is mainly moist at booting stage, keeping water layer on the field surface and shallow water at heading stage, dry and wet paddy field at grain filling stage to enhance soil permeability, raise old rice well, cut off water about 7 days before harvest, avoid falling too early to prevent premature senescence, affect rice quality and reduce seed setting rate.

Disease management

Soaking seeds with soaking seeds before sowing to control evil seedling disease and dry-tip nematode; focus on rice thrips, rice water weevil, rice planthopper and other pests control and weeding work, generally use rice Lefeng + imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos + chlorpyrifos + Jinpi to control pests once; according to the forecast of diseases and insect pests in the field in time. Chemical weeding was carried out with Caokexing + butachlor within 7 days after planting, and insecticides such as Shachongshuang, imidacloprid, Rice Lefeng, omethoate and other insecticides were used to control the first and second generation of Chilo suppressalis, Chilo suppressalis, Rice Leaf Roller, Rice planthopper and other pests. Jinggangmycin was used to control sheath blight at pre-booting, early heading and full heading stage, respectively.

With the change of planting system and the continuous increase of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, the occurrence area and harm degree of rice false smut increased gradually. therefore, strengthening the control of rice false smut is of great significance for the stable and high yield of 10 you 18. At present, chemical control is mainly spraying fungicides 5 to 7 days before the break of rice. The first is copper preparation, which is the earliest in the control of rice false smut, in which the control effect of DT can reach 80% to 96%, but this product is prone to drug damage, so we should grasp the dosage and pay attention to the spraying method. The second is antibiotics, 30% Aimiao EC15 to 20ml / 667m2 has a good control effect on rice false smut, not only has no harm to rice growth, but also can significantly promote rice growth and prevent premature senescence. The average control effect of microbial pesticide "Jingqu Ning" water agent (2.5% well 10 billion live spores / ml Bacillus subtilis) on rice false smut was 72.1% to 83.6%. 5% of Jinggangmycin 500 times solution is sprayed 5 to 7 days before the break, and the control effect can reach more than 80%.