Characteristics and High-yielding cultivation techniques of Jindao 8

Jindao 8 (970006), a new rice variety, is a conventional japonica rice variety, which is derived from crop inheritance of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, so Jindao 3 (810323) is the female parent and 79227 is the male parent. Approved by Shanxi crop Variety approval Committee in 2004. It passed the national examination and approval in 2005 (the approval number is national review rice 2005044).

1 feature characteristic

1.1 Botanical characteristics Jindao 8 has strong seedlings and well-developed roots. The plant height is 95cm, the main stem has 15-16 leaves, the stem is tough, the leaf is erect and the plant type is compact. The green leaves turn a little red when they mature. Loose panicle, long panicle 18.3cm, long flag leaf, hidden flower in leaf at maturity, oblique curved panicle, 80 grains per panicle, moderate grain density, high seed setting rate, large grain size, long grain length, relatively high ratio of length to width in general japonica rice, oval grain, yellow grain, sparse short awn, 1000-grain weight 27.5g. Beige white.

1.2 the biological characteristics of mid-early japonica and mid-maturing varieties, the growth period is 155 days. The tillering ability is strong and the panicle rate is high. It showed resistance to seedling blast (R), moderate resistance to leaf blast and ear blast (MR), resistance to sheath blight and light susceptibility to evil seedling disease. Fertilizer resistance, lodging resistance, salt and alkali resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance, wide adaptability. The mature period is full of vitality, the living stalk is mature, and there is no premature senescence. The rice quality has reached the national high-quality rice grade 2 standard and has strong palatability.

2 yield performance

Regional trial of rice in Shanxi Province: the average yield per mu in three years was 561kg, which was 9.3% higher than that of the control. Production experiment: the average yield per mu in two years was 562.2kg, which was 11.3% higher than that of the control (Jindao 5). In 2002, participated in the national regional test, the average yield per mu 681.3kg, 2.1% higher than the control (Qiuguang), the highest yield per mu 901.7 kg; in 2003, participated in the national regional test, the average yield per mu 713.4kg, 5.3% higher than the control, reached a very significant level, the highest yield per mu 985.8kg. In the production test in 2004, the average yield of 598.3kg per mu was 2.6% higher than that of the control (Qiuguang), ranking first; compared with the domestic varieties bred in the same period, the comprehensive characters were among the best.

3 cultivation techniques

The general principle is: to give full play to the production potential of new varieties, improve quality and improve the rate of commodity quality, in practical operation, we must take measures according to local conditions, achieve stable growth in the early stage, moderate population, less maximum number of seedlings, strong individual growth, green leaves in the later stage, strong root activity, and change "autumn falling type" rice into "autumn excellent type" rice.

3.1 early sowing and early planting, reasonable close planting, cultivation of high-quality groups, strict seed disinfection, sparse sowing, cultivation of strong seedlings, early breeding and early planting, and sparse planting. Reasonable arrangement of the number and allocation of individual seedlings per unit area and the establishment of a high-quality population dynamic structure that makes full use of light energy and soil fertility can improve maturity, lodging resistance and are not prone to diseases and insect pests. In Taiyuan area, it is required to transplant in the first and middle of May. Generally, the planting density should be 30cm × 10~13cm, with 2-3 seedlings per hole.

3.2 principles of scientific fertilization: strive for stable growth, the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers, the combined use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and strictly control the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer in order to produce and quantify. In general, the total amount of pure nitrogen is not more than 200kg/ hectare, stable in front and less in later, and applied by stages. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied with the ratio of bottom fertilizer, tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer 4 ∶ 5 ∶ 1. Grain fertilizer is generally not applied, if the growth of rice is insufficient in the later stage, foliar fertilizer can be sprayed as a supplement.

3.3 Water management irrigation adopts the mode of "shallow-deep-shallow-intermittent wetting-wetting". Stand seedlings in shallow water at transplanting stage, protect seedlings in deep water for about 7 days at slow seedling stage, promote tillering at tillering stage, light field several times in the middle and later stage of tillering (control invalid tillers), young ears differentiate to shallow water intermittent moist irrigation at heading stage, deep irrigation should be applied to protect tires if low temperature occurs at booting stage. Alternating dry and wet irrigation in the later stage can prolong the photosynthetic function of leaves and avoid cutting off water too early. Generally, it is appropriate to cut off water about 10 days before harvest, which is beneficial to improve grain plumpness and head rice rate.

3.4 Integrated control of diseases, pests and weeds chemical weeding is combined with artificial weeding, with chemical weeding as the main and manual weeding as auxiliary. The principle of comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should be adhered to. The control of Chilo suppressalis was carried out from the middle of June to the first ten days of July, and the control of rice blast and sheath blight was strengthened from the first ten days of July to the first heading stage.

3.5 timely harvesting and threshing of rice in the yellow ripe period. When more than 90% of the grains yellowed and matured, the ear axis turned yellow with 1 tick and 3 yellow, and a small number of green grains at the base were the best harvest time. Early harvest will lead to high green rice rate and affect quality; too late harvest will affect yield, grain drop in the field, increase of broken rice and decrease of commodity rate. After threshing, dry and clean in time, do not expose yourself to the sun when drying, and be careful not to spread it too thin, especially the cement base.

4 adapt to the area

It is suitable for planting late maturing rice in Jilin Province, northern Liaoning, Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation area, Tianshan Rice area in South and North Xinjiang, Shexian County in Hebei, Yulin in Shaanxi and most rice areas in Shanxi. Japonica rice areas in Beijing, Anhui, Guizhou and Henan provinces are also suitable for planting.