Characteristics and High-yielding cultivation techniques of Wandao 175

Wandao 175, also known as Luyou 136, is a three-line hybrid indica combination of Luzhou 86A and Hui 136 used by Fenghai Marker Rice Research Institute in Hefei City, Anhui Province. The combination has high yield, excellent rice quality, wide adaptability and high purity of seed production. Participated in the regional trial and production trial of medium indica rice in Anhui Province from 2002 to 2004, and passed the variety approval of Anhui Province in March 2005 (Anhui Grade Review 05010474).

1 the source of parents and the application of albino markers

The novelty of Wandao 175lies in the successful application of albino marker breeding technique. the male sterile line Luzhou 86A and maintainer line Luzhou 86B of this combination have albino recessive-gene. The single plant with albino marker character bred by co radiation of Ⅱ-32B is used as male parent and is bred by continuous backcross with Ⅱ-32A. the leaves of the male sterile line and maintainer line with albino marker are all white and easy to identify at the third leaf stage. Therefore, in the field planting and the propagation of male sterile lines, the mixed green seedlings in the male sterile lines at the stage of 1 to 3 leaves are miscellaneous plants, which can be removed directly in the seedbed, saving labor and effort. The male parent Hui 136 was bred by pedigree method from the precocious mutant of Zhenhui 084, which matured 3 to 5 days earlier than that of Zhenhui 084.

2 yield performance

In the medium indica regional trial in Anhui Province from 2002 to 2003, the average yield was 8917.5kg/hm2 and 7762.5kg/hm2, respectively, which increased by 1.28% and 7.54% compared with the control variety Shanyou 63. In the medium indica production experiment in Anhui Province in 2004, the average unit yield of 9013.1kg/hm2 was 11.07% higher than that of Shanyou 63.

(3) characteristics

The main agronomic characters of Wandao 175 are medium indica type, with the whole growth period of 141 to 145 days, plant height 120cm, compact plant shape, good fertility, strong tillering ability, uniform and reasonable panicle distribution and good high yield. under the condition of 2.7 million / hm2 effective panicle, the average total grain number per panicle is about 160,85% and 1000-grain weight is 28g.

According to the Institute of Plant Protection of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the resistance to rice blast was grade 1 (R) and the resistance to bacterial blight was grade 4 (MS).

According to the rice quality supervision, inspection and testing center of the Ministry of Agriculture, the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, grain length 6.2mm, length-width ratio, chalky rice grain, chalkiness lO.8%, transparency, alkali elimination value, gel consistency 84mm, amylose content and protein content were 81.8%, 74.2%, 58.6%, 58.6%, 26%, 3%, 5.5%, 19.9% and 10.9%, respectively.

4 key points of cultivation techniques

4.1Selecting the best heading and flowering date Wandao 175 has wide adaptability. When medium rice is cultivated in the Yangtze River valley, generally sowing from the end of April to the beginning of May, the seedling age is about 35 days, and the flowering date can also be arranged at the right time. The heading and flowering period requires no continuous rainy days for more than 3 days, the maximum temperature is not more than 35 ℃, the minimum temperature is not less than 21 ℃, the daily average temperature is about 27 ℃, and the relative humidity is about 80%. It is easy to get high yield.

4.2 cultivate strong seedlings

4.2.1 sprouting. The seeds were soaked in 400-fold strong chlorine solution for 24 hours to eliminate the bacteria carried on the seeds.

4.2.2 Bud Valley was treated with paclobutrazol. Put the budding seeds in the solution of paclobutrazol, stir well, soak 20min, dry with water and sow the seeds.

4.2.3 sparse broadcast and even broadcast. When the seedling grows to 1 leaf and 1 heart, it should be replenished in time to ensure the uniform individual development and strong tillers of the seedling.

4.2.4 adequate application of fertilizer. 18.75 tons of mature human and animal manure, ammonium bicarbonate 375kg, calcium superphosphate 750kg and potassium chloride 225kg were applied in the seedling field per hectare. When the seedling grew to 2 leaves, urea 75kg was applied as weaning fertilizer per hectare, and urea 60kg/hm2 was used as marriage fertilizer 5 days before transplanting.

4.2.5 Scientific management. Before 1 leaf and 1 core, the seedling was mainly managed by moist ventilation to promote rooting. After 1 leaf and 1 heart, shallow water irrigation and moist management were adopted alternately to ensure developed root system, steady growth and multiple tillers.

240000-270000 holes per hectare, 1-2 seed seedlings per hole, basic seedlings about 1.35 million / hm2.

Application of pure nitrogen 150~180kg, phosphate fertilizer 450kg, potash fertilizer 300kg per hectare. Applying sufficient basal fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer, topdressing adopted the method of "promoting before, controlling and replenishing", early topdressing tiller fertilizer, applying tillering fertilizer 5-7 days after transplanting, generally applying pure nitrogen 105kg per hectare and supplementary application according to seedling condition in the later stage. Pay attention to increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and properly control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive population size.

4.5 Scientific water planting in shallow water, living trees in an inch of water, tillering in thin water, drying the field with enough seedlings, irrigation in shallow water in the early stage, light sun exposure in the middle, alternating between dry and wet in the later stage, and ripening to the old age.

4.6.Comprehensive control of diseases and insect pests in Wandao 175. the main diseases and insect pests are Chilo suppressalis, Chilo suppressalis, rice bract, bacterial leaf blight and rice blast, etc. The policy of "prevention first, integrated control" should be adopted, agricultural control measures should be widely applied, supplemented by chemical control, and emphasis should be placed on the following two points: the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in ①. Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can make the stem hard and strong, improve the resistance to diseases and insect pests, prevent lodging, improve the field microclimate and reduce the incidence of disease; ② insists on selecting corresponding pesticides and using drugs according to the control index to avoid the arrival of medicine and the elimination of diseases and insect pests.