Characteristics and High-yielding cultivation techniques of Japonica Hybrid Rice Jialeyou 2

Jialeyou 2 (151A/DH32) is a new japonica hybrid rice combination with high yield, good quality, lodging resistance and disease resistance bred by Institute of Agricultural Science, Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing City. After 3 years of production test and large area demonstration, it performed well and was suitable for direct seeding, dry seedling raising and manual planting of single season late rice.

1. Characteristic characteristics

1.1 agronomic traits

Jialeyou 2 is a dense panicle hybrid combination of semi-dwarf type, with plant height of 95-105cm, luxuriant growth, dark green leaves, thick stems, leaf sheath bracts, narrow leaves, flag leaves, strong tillering, large panicle and many grains, high seed setting rate. Transplanted rice for single-season late rice generally has 140 - 180 thousand effective panicles per mu, 180-210 grains per panicle, seed setting rate of about 85%, 1000-grain weight of 26.5-27.5g, fertilizer tolerance, lodging resistance, wide adaptability and strong cold resistance in late maturity.

1.2 growth period

This combination belongs to photoperiod type and is suitable for single night cultivation. Sowing on May 25, 2003, heading on September 7, ripening on November 5, 2003, the whole growth period is 163 days. It is 3-5 days longer than Xiushui 110. In 2004, it was sown on May 15, ripened on September 5, matured on November 3, and the whole growth period was 171 days. It is 5 days longer than Xiushui 110. In 2005, it was sown on May 17, ripened on September 7 and matured on November 6. The whole growth period is 172 days, with an average of 168.7 days.

1.3 resistance

During the 3-year trial planting and demonstration, no major diseases such as rice blast and bacterial blight occurred. The results of artificial inoculation and natural induction identification by Plant Protection Institute of Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2003 showed that the average leaf blast was 0.5 grade, the highest grade was 3.0 grade, the ear blast was 1.0 grade, the loss rate was 1.9%, the average bacterial blight was 4.4 grade, and the brown rice fly was 9.0 grade. The results showed that rice blast resistance, medium resistance to bacterial blight and susceptibility to brown planthopper. Strong stem, leaf sheath bract node, strong field lodging resistance, yield of more than 750kg per mu.

1.4 rice quality

According to the quality analysis results of rice and product quality supervision and inspection center of ministry of agriculture, among the 12 indexes of jialeyou 2, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head milled rice rate, grain length, length and width, alkali elimination value, gel consistency, amylose and protein meet the first grade regulation, and transparency meets the second grade regulation. After 2 years of rice milling by Luodong Rice Industry Co., Ltd., the rice grains are white and bright, and the cooked rice is crystal clear and soft. It is welcomed by grain processing enterprises and the masses. It has been developed as "Luodong" brand rice.

1.. 5. High seed yield

CMS line 151A has shorter plant, shorter flag leaf, early and concentrated flowering, good coincidence of parents at flowering time, higher seed yield, general seed setting rate of 45-60%, average yield of 100-200kg per mu. In 2005, under the damage of high temperature and drought, strong typhoon "Maisha" and "Kanu" and outbreak of brown planthopper, 343 mu of seed production area was planted in the whole area, with an average of 95.6 kg per mu.

2. Yield performance

In 2001, the average yield per mu was 627.6 kg, 9.53% higher than that of Xiushui 63, and in 2002 and 2003, the average yield per mu was 600.7 kg and 561.3 kg, 8.06% and 6.78% higher than that of Xiushui 63, respectively. The experiment of intensive cultivation of hybrid japonica rice in Jiaxing City Academy of Agricultural Sciences showed that the average yield per mu was 653.2 kg, which was 13.25% higher than that of Xiushui 110, ranking first among the five varieties tested. In 2004, Luoxi Village, Xincheng Town, Xiuzhou District had 312 mu of demonstration plot. After acceptance by provincial, municipal and district experts, the average yield per mu was 667kg, among which the actual cut area was 1.725 mu, which was converted to 685.4 kg per mu. In 2005, the four demonstration plots in Xiuzhou District were 1064.5 mu, which were checked and accepted by provincial, municipal and district experts. The average yield per mu was 650.2 kg, which increased by 121.6 kg compared with the conventional variety Xiushui 09 (control), and increased by 23%. Among them, the four groups of grain growers in Wangdian Town were 61.5 mu, with an average yield of 715kg per mu. The actual harvest was 3. 98 mu, with an average yield of 719kg per mu. The highest one was 1. 61 mu, which was converted to 725.7 kg per mu.

3. Main techniques of high-yield cultivation

3.1 Sowing at the right time and cultivating strong seedlings

According to the characteristics of Jialeyou 2 with large ears, many grains, high 1000-grain weight and long filling time, the planting date of Jialeyou 2 in Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing City should be advanced appropriately, generally sowing during May 15-25, the seeding rate of seedling field is 525kg/ha, the seed rate of Honda manual transplanting is 0.5-0.75kg/mu, and the seedling age is not more than 30 days; direct seeding cultivation is generally carried out during June 5-10, and the seed rate of Honda is 0.75- 1kg/mu.

3.2 Wide row and narrow plant, reasonable density planting

Single night hand-transplanting, planting specification of 25-28cm×20-23cm is suitable, planting 150 000 - 195 000 clusters per hectare (planting 10 - 13 000 clusters per mu), single root transplanting, water seedling dropping seedlings planting 450 - 585 000 seedlings per hectare, dry seedling dropping seedlings planting 300 - 390 000 seedlings per hectare. For direct seeding in a single night, the basic seedlings should be controlled at 300 - 400,000 seedlings per hectare.

3.3 Scientific use of fertilizer, appropriate nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium

Jialeyou 2 had a long growth period, few seedlings and small seedlings in early stage, so it was suitable to adopt balanced promotion fertilization method, that is, on the basis of applying sufficient base fertilizer, applying tillering fertilizer, long and coarse fertilizer and ear fertilizer early, and applying ear fertilizer heavily at the same time to achieve large ears. Appropriate increase in phosphorus and potassium. The total amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied could refer to conventional japonica rice. After the middle of July, no more nitrogen fertilizer was applied in order to improve the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight.

3.4 Rational water use, shallow irrigation and frequent irrigation

After transplanting, irrigate and protect seedlings in time, promote tillering in shallow water after returning green, put aside the field when the total number of tillers reaches 160,000 - 200,000 per mu, alternate dry and wet in booting and heading period, and avoid water cut too early in later period.

3.5 Harmless management, pests and weeds

Seed disinfection with seed soaking spirit to prevent bakanae disease and nematode disease; rice fly control at seedling stage to prevent stripe disease; attention to stem borer, leaf roller and sheath blight control, focusing on brown planthopper control.