Brief introduction of pollution-free and High-yield cultivation techniques of Fengyuan scented Rice

Fengyuan fragrant rice is a new high-quality late indica rice variety bred by the National Rice improvement Center with Thailand KDML105 as the parent. It has the blood relationship of several high-yield and high-quality parents. Its rice, rice and cooking all have a strong popcorn flavor, milled rice is transparent, rice is bright and shiny, and cold rice is not recycled. According to the analysis of the rice quality determination center of the Ministry of Agriculture, the brown rice rate is 82.6%, the milled rice rate is 75.7%, the head rice rate is 60.6%, the milled rice length 7.6mm is 3.7, the chalky rice rate is 6%, the chalkiness is 0.3%, the transparency grade 1, the gel consistency 62mm, the alkali elimination value is 6.2, and the amylose content is 18.1%. The quality reaches the national first-class rice standard. In 2003, Taining and Ninghua counties of our city introduced demonstration cultivation from Jiangxi Fengyuan Grain Development Co., Ltd., and will further expand demonstration cultivation as major new high-quality rice varieties in Taining, Ninghua and other counties (cities and districts) in 2004. The whole growth period of Fengyuan fragrant rice in our city is about 140 days, and that of post-tobacco rice is about 130 days, which is about 5 days earlier than Shanyou 63 and equivalent to Shanyou 10. The variety has 120-130cm plant height, 17 leaves of main stem, moderate tightness of plant type, stout stem, strong tillering ability, high panicle rate, good lodging resistance, neat heading, about 18 effective panicles per mu, ear length about 24cm, average spike number about 130 grains, seed setting rate about 80%, 1000-grain weight about 27 g, large area planting general yield per mu 400kg, high-yield cultivation can exceed 500kg. The variety is more fertilizer-tolerant, with slightly sloping leaves in the seedling stage, more erect in the middle and later stage, wide and upward sword leaves, good color change in the later stage, light rice blast, medium resistance to rice false smut, bacterial blight and slight sheath blight. At present, Fengyuan fragrant rice is the only high yield level in the production of high quality rice in our city, the rice quality reaches the national first class rice standard, and the resistance is relatively good. In order to play its role in high quality rice production, according to its species characteristics, combined with the level of rice cultivation techniques in our city, the following high yield cultivation techniques are put forward for farmers' reference: first, carefully select suitable cultivation fields. Fengyuan fragrant rice has developed root system, fertilizer resistance and lodging resistance, so it should be cultivated in plots with deep plough layer and rich organic matter content. Do not plant in shallow fields, leaking paddy fields and deep cold paddy fields. Second, sowing early at the right time to cultivate strong seedlings: after planting tobacco in our city, sowing in the first and middle of June (early in the north and late in the south), soaking seeds with "strong chlorine" before sowing, using rice seedling strengthening agent as base fertilizer the day before sowing, 1kg in the field, sowing amount in the seedling field of 10kg/ mu, seedling age controlled at about 30 days, spraying 300pm paclobutrazol in one leaf and heart period, cultivating Xuezhuang seedlings. Third, transplanting as early as possible and reasonable close planting: after planting tobacco, the earlier the rice is planted, the higher the yield, the general density is 6 × 7 inches, and 5-6 seedlings are planted in clusters to ensure that the basic seedlings per mu are not less than 80,000. Fourth, heavy application of base fertilizer, early application of topdressing, supplementary application of ear fertilizer, spraying foliar fertilizer: this variety has developed root system, fertilizer resistance and lodging resistance, and has a large demand for nutrients, so it is suitable for planting in high fertility fields. In order to produce 400kg rice per mu, ternary compound fertilizer 30kg was generally used as base fertilizer, urea and potassium chloride 10kg were applied one week after planting, panicle fertilizer was applied at the second stage of young panicle, and urea and potassium chloride 5kg were applied per mu. In order to improve the seed setting rate and achieve high yield, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed after heading. Fifth, manage water scientifically and sun up the field at the right time: 15 days after planting, when the total number of tillers reaches 200000, the field is drained to control tillers and promote roots, and in the later stage, it is dry and wet, so that the roots are alive with water, the leaves are protected by roots, and the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight are improved. the water is generally cut off one week before harvest. Sixth, strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: according to the measurement and forecast of diseases and insect pests, combined with the investigation of various fields, drug control should be used in time. 2-3 days before transplanting, a "marriage medicine" should be applied, and a "panicle protection drug" should be applied during the break period. special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of sheath blight to ensure nutrient delivery. Do not apply methamidophos, isocarbophos, methyl 1605, carbofuran, omethoate and other highly toxic and high residue pesticides to ensure that they meet green food standards. 7. Timely harvest: the variety has more functional leaves in the later stage, no premature senescence and strong lodging resistance, so it should prolong the post-ripening period as far as possible to achieve full grain, full maturity and high yield. At the same time to achieve special grain storage, strict protection from sun exposure and mixed varieties.