Characteristics and cultivation techniques of Changyou 3, a New three-line Japonica Hybrid Rice combination with good quality, High yield and Multi-resistance

Changyou 3 (also known as Changyou 00-8) is a new three-line japonica hybrid rice combination bred by Changshu Institute of Agricultural Sciences. It was approved by the National crop Variety approval Committee in 2005 (approval number: national examination and approval Rice 2005036). The male sterile line of this variety, Wuyunjing 7 A, obtained the national variety right certificate (certificate number: CNA20010203.6) in September 2005. Changyou 3 should be popularized and planted as one-cropping late japonica rice in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui and Hubei areas with light incidence of rice blast and bacterial blight.

1 Variety characteristics

This variety belongs to japonica three-line hybrid rice. The average growth period of single cropping late rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was 148.1 days, which was 0.6 days earlier than that of Xiushui 63. The plant type is moderate, with 6-7 elongated internodes and 18-19 total leaves of the main stem. The flag leaves are straight and luxuriant, and the color changes well in the mature stage. Plant height 108.2cm, stalk stout, elastic, fertilizer resistance and lodging resistance. The number of effective panicles per mu is 16-180000 spikes, panicle length 18.6cm, total grains per panicle 160-170, seed setting rate 85.3%, easy threshing, 1000-grain weight 27,28g.

2 main advantages of varieties

2.1 the ripening period is suitable for one-season planting in Taihu Lake rice region, generally sowing in mid-late May, heading in early September, maturing in late October, and the whole growth period is about 163 days. It is suitable for planting in Taihu Lake rice region and single-cropping late japonica area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

In 2002, we participated in the regional trial of single season late japonica group in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the average yield per mu was 600.4kg, which was 5.26% higher than that of Xiushui 63 (extremely significant), and in 2003, the average yield per mu was 575.29kg, which was 8.99% higher than that of Xiushui 63 (extremely significant). The average yield per mu of 639.15kg in the production test in 2004 was 10.34% higher than that of Xiushui 63, ranking first in the experiment.

The rice quality of this combination was determined by the National Variety Test of single cropping late Japonica Group in South China from 2002 to 2003: Brown rice rate 84.4%, coarse rice rate 76.4%, head rice rate 72.5%, grain length 4.9mm, length / width ratio 1.7, chalky grain rate 28%, chalkiness 3.5%, transparency grade 1, alkali elimination value grade 7.0. Gel consistency 76mm, amylose 16.1%, reaching grade 3 of the national "high quality rice" standard. Tasted everywhere, the rice is palatable.

According to the results of resistance identification by Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2000 to 2001, Changcheng 3 was inoculated with 6 physiological races of rice blast, except for moderate susceptibility to ZBl, the response type to the other 5 physiological races was grade 0, 4 physiological races showed resistance to bacterial blight and resistance to sheath blight (reaction type was R). According to the identification of inoculation resistance in Zhejiang and Hubei, the average level of rice blast, bacterial blight and brown planthopper were 6.1, 7 and 9 respectively. Rice false smut occurred seriously, so attention should be paid to control.

3High-yielding cultivation techniques

The ear-grain structure of Changyou 3 yield 600~650kg/ mu is about 16-180000 / mu, the total grain number per mu is 160-170, the seed-setting rate is more than 85%, and the 1000-grain weight is 27-28g. Its cultivation strategy is: timely sowing, raising strong seedlings, promoting early development, reasonably controlling the mid-stage population, improving the panicle rate, taking into account both spike and grain; on the basis of ensuring the number of ears, focus on large panicles and improve seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight.

3.1 sowing at the right time and cultivating strong seedlings and large seedlings: the suitable sowing time is May 20-25 and the seedling age is 30 days in Taihu rice area (other rice areas can determine the sowing date through experiments to ensure heading and flowering under suitable climatic conditions). The net sowing amount of seedling field is 10~12.5kg/ mu, and the ratio of seedling field to field is 1 ∶ 10: 12. Chemical treatment was carried out before sowing, pure nitrogen 13~15kg/ mu was applied in the seedling field, and a certain proportion of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied.

3.2 timely transplanting and reasonable close planting at the beginning of June. Planting density: row spacing of 13.2cm × 26.4cm or 16.5cm × 26.4cm, 15000 holes per mu, 1: 2 seeds per hole.

3. Scientific application of fertilizer, rational irrigation Changyou 3 has strong heterosis, developed root system and strong ability of absorbing fertilizer. The amount of pure nitrogen applied to medium fertility fields can be reduced by 15kg/ mu, and the fields with high fertility can appropriately reduce 1~2kg/ mu, while those with poor fertility can increase 1~2kg/ mu, and increase the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The suitable ratio of N ∶ P ∶ K was 1 ∶ 0.4 ∶ 0.5. Specific fertilization methods: base fertilizer: high concentration compound fertilizer 25kg, ammonium bicarbonate 25kg per mu, urea 10kg for tillering fertilizer, high concentration compound fertilizer 15~20kg for tiller protection fertilizer. The application of nitrogen fertilizer in Taihu Lake rice area ended from July 10 to 15, but potassium chloride 7.5kg could be applied. Without panicle fertilizer, the blighted grains of Qinggu will not increase and the seed setting rate will decrease, thus affecting the yield.

In terms of water slurry management, it is required to transplant in shallow water, live in deep water, maintain the shallow water layer at the tillering stage, shelve the field when the expected number of tillers is reached, and leave the field light for many times. The peak seedling is controlled at 21 ~ 220000 / mu, and the panicle rate is more than 80%. The field was kept moist in the later stage, and the water was cut off a week before harvest. Make sure the stalks are green and the seeds are yellow and ripe until old.

3.4 Control of diseases and insect pests should pay attention to timely control of rice blast, bacterial blight, rice false smut, gray planthopper, longitudinal leaf borer and other diseases and insect pests.