Key measures for prevention and control of duck disease

I. do a good job in environmental disinfection

1. Ensure the efficacy of disinfection

At present, the drugs used for environmental disinfection in farms are: aldehydes (formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde), alkalis (such as fire alkali, quicklime), halogens (chlorine preparations such as bleach, disinfectant king, disinfectant, etc.), iodine preparations have iodine trioxide), peroxides (such as peracetic acid), quaternary ammonium salts (such as peroxy). Physical cleaning and washing should be done before disinfection to prevent the existence of organic matter (such as feces, urine, pus, body fluids, etc.), and then spray liquid disinfection.

The ineffective disinfectants with no difference before and after disinfection should be eliminated after increasing the concentration. After the effective disinfection concentration is detected, the cost of disinfectants should also be considered, and several disinfectants suitable for this field should be obtained after comparison and calculation. in order to use drugs in rotation. In this way, it not only has the disinfection effect, but also reduces the disinfection cost, and prolongs the use time of a disinfectant in this field.

2. Follow the sequence of disinfection

Duck farm disinfection should follow the first clean road (the road for transporting feed, etc.), and then the sewage road (the road for dung removal vehicles); successively prepare the duck farm area, and then the egg duck farm area; first grow ducks and then commercial ducks. It is strictly forbidden to borrow or mix the disinfection bucket in the duck house.

3. Pay attention to the times of disinfection

Under normal circumstances, disinfect the whole court and with ducks not less than twice a week; during the onset period, persist in disinfecting ducks every day.

Second, do a good job of routine immunization

In order to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases, farms must establish reasonable immunization procedures to protect the health of ducks. There may be more than one infectious disease among ducks in an area, and the vaccines (vaccines) that can be used to prevent these infectious diseases are of different nature. the duration (immune period) for which antibodies produced in ducks are sufficient to resist the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, a certain group of ducks are using a variety of vaccines (vaccines) to prevent different diseases, and it is also necessary to determine the times and time of vaccination according to the immune characteristics of various vaccines (vaccines), which forms the immunization procedure used in practice. A reasonable immunization procedure can prevent the occurrence of disease and minimize the stress response caused by vaccine immunization to ducks. Therefore, the immunization of breeder ducks should avoid the peak of egg production, and the existence of maternal antibodies should be considered in ducklings. Vaccination for ducks should not only reduce the waste of manpower and material resources, but also improve the immune quality, the key depends on the immune effect. Duck farms can introduce vaccines in a timely and appropriate manner according to the local area and the occurrence of the disease. for example, duck infectious hepatitis must be immunized in areas with high incidence of duck hepatitis or areas threatened by hepatitis.

Vaccine immunization is a kind of stress for ducks themselves. In order to reduce this stress, multi-dimensional electrolytes can be added to feed or drinking water. In different seasons, vaccination should pay attention to the necessary details. When using an oil emulsion inactivated vaccine, you must first restore the vaccine to room temperature, otherwise the vaccine injected into the skin will form a vaccine cluster and is not easy to absorb; the summer climate is hot, and when vaccination, you should first ensure adequate drinking water. and try to schedule the immunization time when it's cool in the morning. During immunization, the vaccine should be shaken constantly so that every duck can get the same amount of effective antigen immunity. When vaccinated with tissue attenuated vaccine, the whole immunization time should be controlled within 1.5 hours, so as to prevent the vaccine from being exposed for a long time in the duck house with high temperature and affect the immune activity of the virus.

3. To establish an epidemic prevention system

1. Keep a good entrance

The gate is strictly marked "epidemic prevention areas, declined to visit", set up special personnel to guard, strictly prohibit foreign vehicles and personnel from entering the field; when entering the production area, you must wash your hands and disinfect and enter through the disinfection channel (with disinfection pool and ultraviolet light).

2. Prevent cross-infection

The breeders of each house are forbidden to cross-link with each other to prevent cross-infection. The environment of the field should be kept clean and pollution-free, do not despise the spread of infectious diseases by wild birds, strictly prevent their feces from polluting the feed and sports ground, adhere to regular disinfection of the whole field and disinfection with ducks, disinfect every day during the onset of the disease, and do a good job of killing rats and mosquitoes and flies. Dead ducks and dissected materials must be treated innocuously and shall not be allowed to pollute the environment and cause man-made transmitted diseases.

3. Disease prevention and treatment

Veterinarians should be diligent in dissecting sick and dead ducks, and the diseased materials should be tested in laboratory in time, and the drugs should be used for prevention and treatment according to the results of drug sensitivity test. After the initial administration, the veterinarian should still carry out follow-up treatment until the disease is cured. The veterinarian obtained the preventive drug use procedure in this field according to the drug sensitivity test, clinical drug use, age and season of onset, combined with production practice. In drug selection, avoid using fake and shoddy veterinary drugs to delay the disease, resulting in serious economic losses.

4. Epidemic disease surveillance

According to the local actual situation, the epidemic disease surveillance program should be formulated, and the diseases routinely monitored in meat and duck farms should at least include highly pathogenic avian influenza, duck plague and duck viral hepatitis. In addition to the above-mentioned diseases, some other necessary diseases should be selected for surveillance according to the actual local conditions.