Causes and prevention of dog hair loss

Pet dog depilation refers to the pathological shedding of local or whole body coat, often accompanied by other symptoms. Depilation will not only affect the appearance of the dog, but may also spread the disease to the owner.

Causes and manifestations of depilation

1. Scabies mite: caused by scabies mite or demodex. Scabies mites mainly occur in the head (bridge of nose, orbit, auricle and its root), sometimes in the forechest, abdomen, armpit, medial thigh and tail, and even spread to the whole body. The surface of the skin is flushed, there are rash-like nodules, the subcutaneous tissue is thickened, and the affected skin is often scratched, rubbed, gnawed and depilated. Demodex mainly forms small depilation spots around the eyes, and some of them can extend to the whole body. The affected part of the skin thickens in a scaly shape, and some may develop into small pustules or suppurative dermatitis.

2. Lice disease: it is caused by itching and skin irritation caused by parasitic lice, which leads to scratching, friction and gnawing. The hair on the affected part is rough and dull, easy to break and fall off. In particular, the parasitism of hair lice can cause a large number of depilation in dogs, and a large number of shedding hairs can be found in places where dogs are active.

3. Hookworm disease: emaciated dogs, pale conjunctiva, rough and glossy coat, easy to break and fall off, back often appear depilation spots of different sizes, expose the skin, papules or crusts appear on the skin. Diseased dogs have loss of appetite, vomiting, anorexia, dysentery and constipation alternately, with bloody or black feces and a rotten smell.

4. Tinea alopecia: mycosis mainly caused by microsporum and tinea in dogs. The course of the disease is long, with round or irregular bald spots on the skin, covered with gray scales, the head, neck and limbs are more common, serious can be linked into a piece, affecting a large part of the body surface. Sometimes accompanied by dermatitis, papules or pustules.

5. Disorder of estrogen secretion: it is more common in adult unsterilized bitches, which is characterized by excessive secretion of estrogen, itching all over the body, depilation (general hair removal is symmetrical) and skin pigmentation. Some sick dogs have swelling of the vulva and bleeding-like secretions, showing symptoms of persistent estrus.

6. canine acanthosis nigricans: the cause is not clear at present, and most of them think that it is related to the disorder of hormone secretion in dogs. The skin symptoms are similar to the disorder of estrogen secretion in old and weak dogs. Symmetrical hair removal, pigmentation and skin thickening are the main symptoms. At the same time, the skin has oily exudation, but no itching symptoms.

7, vitamin deficiency: vitamin B deficiency can also cause hair removal, accompanied by weight loss, anorexia, general weakness, vision loss or loss and other symptoms.

Differential diagnosis

In addition to hair removal, the above diseases all have their characteristic symptoms to distinguish each other. Dogs with lice disease can easily find live lice and lice eggs from the hair roots of the affected area; scabies mites can be found under a microscope from the dandruff at the junction of the affected area and healthy skin; hookworm infection is accompanied by obvious symptoms of the digestive tract in addition to depilation; the depilation spots of tinea alopecia are mostly round or irregular, and the surface is covered with gray scales, and its hyphae can be found under the microscope. Estrogenic disorders are often accompanied by obvious estrus symptoms, but refuse to mate, while canine acanthosis nigricans has no symptoms specific to the above diseases, and the dandruff of the affected area cannot detect pathogens.

Treatment method

1. Scabies can be treated with ivermectin, trichlorfon, waste diesel engine oil or realgar powder.

2. Lice disease kills lice and lice eggs with ivermectin, trichlorfon, diformamidine or trichlorfon.

3. Hookworm disease can be repelled by levamisole and avermectin.

4. The treatment of bald tinea can be treated by oral administration of griseofulvin and external application of clotrimazole ointment or Dakening ointment.

5, for the hair removal caused by hormones, generally take the corresponding hormone therapy, such as oral testosterone propionate or megestrol, if necessary, sterilization can be taken to remove ovaries.

6. at present, there is not a very effective method for the treatment of acanthosis nigricans in dogs, generally taking symptomatic treatment, combined with glucocorticoid dexamethasone or prednisone and antibiotics, and has achieved good results in syndrome differentiation and treatment with TCM theory.

7. Hair removal caused by vitamin B deficiency can be cured by supplementing compound vitamin B preparations.

Experience

The main results are as follows: 1. The symptoms of dog depilation are obvious, and the key is to correctly identify the cause, treat the primary disease, and treat the disease at the same time. If necessary, you can take zinc sulfate and cystine and other skin nutrients to assist treatment.

2. The living environment of pet dogs should be kept dry, disinfect regularly, kill pathogenic microorganisms, and wear insect-proof collars to pet dogs if necessary.

3. Comprehensively strengthen the nutrition of dogs and provide sufficient protein, vitamins and trace elements to improve the resistance of dogs. Hair removal should be diagnosed and treated in time.