Jin Cuixiang, a new pear strain

Cuixiang pear was bred by Liu Qinglin, senior agronomist of Dalian Chenji Fruit Co., Ltd., in 1981, using Xuehua pear as female parent and Zhuanghe No. 1 pear as male parent. After years of observation and trial, the performance is good.

I. Fruit characters and characteristics

The fruit is Obovate, with a transverse diameter of 5.5 to 6.5 cm, a vertical diameter of 6.5 to 7.5 cm, a single fruit weight of 300 to 400 grams and a maximum of 700 grams. The stem depression is deep, and the goose head often appears. Three inconspicuous longitudinal grooves can be seen in the fruit of young trees. The calyx is detached, and the calyx depression is widely funnel-shaped. The pericarp is thin, yellowish green at the beginning and golden when ripe. The taste is very good, the flesh is white, crisp and juicy, with few stone cells. It contains 14.2%-16.4% soluble solids, up to 18.1%, 0.2% acid, 4.6 mg vitamins per 100 grams, and has a strong aroma after ripening. The ventricle is small and airtight, and the edible rate is 94.6%. Under natural conditions, the color and taste will remain unchanged until May next year.

II. Botanical characteristics

After germination, the new shoots and young leaves are lavender, the leaves are yellowish green, widely ovate, the leaf margin is sparse and shallow, and the quality is thick. The tree is strong and upright, and the branches of young trees should not be opened. The germination ability is weak, the branching ability is strong, and the pollination rate of white flowers is high. Generally, it is mainly short branch fruit, with strong continuous fruiting ability and axillary flower bud fruiting habit. The fruit ripening period was neat and consistent, and there was no natural fruit drop before harvest. Fruit will be seen in 3 years after planting, 5 years into the full fruit period, and 5-year-old young trees can bear fruit of 25 kg to 50 kg.

III. Phenological phase

The pear sprouted around April 15 in Zhuanghe area and blossomed at the beginning of May (average temperature in May was 8.1 ℃, annual average temperature was 8.7 ℃, frost-free period was 170 days). It matured from the end of September to the beginning of October, and the growth period was 140-150 days.

Fourth, good adaptability

This pear has strong adaptability and lax requirements for soil, and the pH value of 6.5-7.5 can be planted. Since 1998, Zunhua City, Hebei Province, Cao County, Shandong Province, * Yining, Jilin Ji'an and other places have been successfully introduced. Donggang City, Yingkou City, Wafangdian City and Jinzhou District of Dalian City around Zhuanghe City were also introduced successfully. Donggang City has listed Jincui fragrant pear as a promotion project.

Fifth, strong resistance

1. On August 21, 1998, the Zhuanghe area was hit by Typhoon No. 11, with a wind force of 7 to 8, and more than 50% of other varieties fell fruit, while Jincui fragrant pear basically did not drop fruit except in the limelight.

two。 In the years of cold resistance in 1993 and 2000, the lowest temperature in Zhuanghe area reached-28 ℃, and no freezing injury occurred. The Jincui fragrant pear tree introduced by Jia Changfu in Zhangjiabao Village, Nankouqian Town, Qingyuan County has no freezing damage except for autumn shoots.

3. In 1996, the breeding base of Liuqinglin in Zhuanghe area encountered a flood. 11 4-year-old Jincui fragrant pear trees were submerged in 30 cm water for 72 hours without damage, and blossomed and fruited as usual in the second year.

4. This pear is mainly resistant to scab, ring streak and black spot.

VI. attention problems in introduction

1. This pear forbids Bordeaux liquid, otherwise the fruit is small and the skin is black.

two。 It is not suitable for cultivation without irrigation conditions, and it is most suitable for planting in places with fertile soil and abundant water resources.