Two-line Japonica Hybrid Rice Wandao 48 and its cultivation techniques

In order to meet the demand of high quality japonica rice market, 7001S and 2277 were used by Rice Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences to form a new two-line japonica hybrid combination Wandao 48 (70 you Shuangjiu). Through experiment and demonstration and rice quality identification, it showed high quality, high yield and multi-resistance.

1 feature characteristic

It belongs to early maturing and late japonica type, and the whole growth period is 128 days (double night) ~ 140 days (single night). The plant height is 93 cm. The plant type is moderate and tight. The leaves are light green. The leaves of the main stem are 15-17. Panicle umbrella type. The ear length is 19.8 cm, the total number of grains per panicle is more than 110, and the seed setting rate is 85%. The grain is oval. Awnless. The husk is thin and yellowish. The weight of a thousand grains is 24,26g. It is highly photosensitive. It needs medium to high fertility. The tillering ability is strong and the panicle rate is high. Quick grouting and good discoloration. It is easier to thresh. Resistant to low temperature. Identified by artificial inoculation by the Institute of Plant Protection, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, it was moderately resistant to rice blast (grade 3) and bacterial blight (grade 3). Brown rice is 83.1%, milled rice rate is 75.3%. Head rice rate 74.0%, rice length 5.3 mm, aspect ratio 1.9; chalky rice rate 7%, chalkiness 0.9%, transparency level 1. Low gelatinization temperature (6.9 grade), soft gel consistency (80 mm), containing 18% direct amylose and 9.3% protein. It tastes good. The rice grain has good elongation.

2 yield performance

In 1995, 0.33hm2 was planted in Lujiang County, Anhui Province, and the unit yield of 7.5t/hm2 was 15.4% higher than that of the control Xiushui 664. In 1996, 6.67hm2 was planted in Baihu Farm to produce 8.58t/hm2 per unit area. In the production test of the new japonica hybrid combination in 1997, the unit yield of 6.75t/hm2 was 14.8% higher than that of the control Xiushui 664, and the yield was 2.14% lower than that of 70 you 04 (two-line japonica hybrid), but the difference was not significant. In the same year, 0.67hm2 was planted in Xindu Township, Lujiang County, with a per unit yield of 6.43t/hm2, and the main one was 8.21t/hm2, which was 19.2% higher than that of the main variety Xiushui 664. When 533hm2 was planted in 1998, the yield of 6.75~7.50t/hm2 per unit area was about 15% higher than that of the main conventional varieties.

3 main cultivation techniques

Sow seeds at the right time, dry the seeds for 1-2 days before sowing, soak the seeds in clean water for 24 hours, and then soak the seeds with 500 times strong chlorine disinfectant for 12 hours to prevent evil seedling disease and rice false smut. After sprouting 90% of the chest, dry the buds and sow the seeds. Rape stubble was sown at the beginning of May, followed by watermelon stubble as one-cropping rice, the seedling age was 3035 days from the end of May to the beginning of June, sowing around June 20, planting seedlings in late July, the seedling age was 35-40 days. In order to cultivate two or three large tillers and strong seedlings, one is that the sowing rate of net seedling field is 150.087.6 kg / hm2, and the ratio of seedling field to field is strictly controlled at 1:6. The second is to spray paclobutrazol from 1 leaf to 3 leaves in the seedling stage, spray 3.00-3.75 kg of paclobutrazol with water per hectare to promote dwarfing and increase tiller and control weeds. The third is to control rice thrips in time.

The double planting method of wide row and narrow plant not only improved the permeability in the middle and later stage, but also had a certain effect on seedling control after the peak tillering stage, with less ineffective tillers, high panicle rate and obvious yield increase. The plant row spacing was 10cm × 27cm in single evening and 10cm × 23.3cm in double late, and the planting density was 37.5 (single) ~ 35 (double) ten thousand holes / hm2. Two seed seedlings were planted with 150 ~ 2.25 million basic tillers per hectare in order to reach the highest seedling 4.5 million / hm2 and ensure panicle formation of 3.5 million / hm2.

In view of its large panicle, high panicle rate and great difference in panicle type between tillers, scientific fertilization is beneficial to promoting early development in the field and grasping low tillers in the seedling field, so fertilizer operation should be mastered to promote stable development and growth in the early stage, strong stems and strong stalks in the middle stage, and the principle of proper fertilization in the later stage. Pure nitrogen 180 kg / hm2 was applied in the field, of which base fertilizer and tiller fertilizer accounted for about 60% of the total, including 50% organic fertilizer, and used with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. In the double evening, we should master the principle of "four main and one supplement" fertilization, that is, base fertilizer, organic fertilizer, tiller fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer, and apply appropriate amount of grain fertilizer after heading, in order to reach the seedling early, compete for large panicle, and increase seed setting rate and grain weight. Pure nitrogen was applied in the field at 150-180 kg / hm2, of which basal tiller fertilizer accounted for 80% of the total. Topdressing should be early, otherwise invalid tillers will increase, resulting in field depression. Urea 30kg / hm2 can be applied to grain fertilizer.

In the effective tillering stage, shallow water irrigation promotes tillering in effective tillering stage, draining "roasting the field" in time before tillering, and controlling ineffective tillering, so as to strengthen stalk and cultivate big panicle. In addition, because of its long filling period, attention should be paid to nursing rice in the later stage. It is better to cut off water 5-7 days before harvest. The harvest of late japonica was later than that of conventional japonica. Timely control of bacterial blight, rice false smut, micrococcosis and rice planthopper to ensure high yield and harvest.